Plato and Aristotle

Question 1

Form (Plato)

Answer 1

the eternal and real idea of something

Question 2

Form of the Good

Answer 2

the highest of all the forms; the source of everything

Question 3

Rationalism

Answer 3

human reason is the primary source of knowledge/truth

Question 4

Empiricism

Answer 4

all knowledge/truth comes from senses and experience

Question 5

Revelation

Answer 5

knowledge is revealed to humanity through encounter with God

Question 6

Analogy

Answer 6

a comparison used to show similar characteristics

Question 7

Concept/Ideal

Answer 7

the innate, ideal of an object eg. its cattiness

Question 8

Phenomena

Answer 8

the actual instance of an object in the real world eg. the cat

Question 9

Particular

Answer 9

an object in the material world, reflecting the Forms

Question 10

Posteriori

Answer 10

applying knowledge/an argument from sense and experience

Question 11

a Priori

Answer 11

applying knowledge/an argument using reason

Question 12

Form (Aristotle)

Answer 12

what makes something recognizable: its shape or structure

Question 13

Prime Mover

Answer 13

the unchanging Final Cause of all that exists

Question 14

Four Causes

Answer 14

Material, Efficient, Formal and Final

Question 15

Material/Matter

Answer 15

what an object is made of: what is it made of?

Question 16

Formal/Form

Answer 16

the shape or structure of an object: what does it look like?

Question 17

Efficient

Answer 17

the origin of an object: where does it come from? How was it made?

Question 18

Final

Answer 18

the purpose of the object: why does it exist?

Question 19

Motus

Answer 19

change

Question 20

Actuality

Answer 20

what an object is like- what it actually is

Question 21

Potentiality

Answer 21

what an object could be/become