plate tectonics Flashcards
the solid outer layer of the earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
Lithosphere
the soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move
Asthenosphere
the strong lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core also the layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the thermosphere and which temperature decreases as altitude increases
Mesosphere
Earth’s inner core is the innermost geologic layer of planet Earth. It is primarily a solid ball with a radius of about 1,220 km, which is about 20% of Earth’s radius or 70% of the Moon’s radius. There are no samples of Earth’s core accessible for direct measurement, as there are for Earth’s mantle.
Inner Core
Earth’s outer core is a fluid layer about 2,400 km thick and composed of mostly iron and nickel that lies above Earth’s solid inner core and below its mantle. Its outer boundary lies 2,890 km beneath Earth’s surface.
Outer Core
Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through Earth’s layers, and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, large landslides and large man-made explosions that give out low-frequency acoustic energy.
Seismic Waves
Oceanic crust is the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of the tectonic plates. It is composed of the upper oceanic crust, with pillow lava’s and a dike complex, and the lower oceanic crust, composed of troctolite, gabbro and ultramafic cumulates. The crust overlies the solidified and uppermost layer of the mantle.
Oceanic Crust
Continental crust is the layer of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks that forms the geological continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves.
Continental Crust
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Density
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Alfred Wegener
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Continental Drift
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Convergent Boundary
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Divergent Boundary
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Transform Boundary
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Sea-floor Spreading
