Plasmodium Spp

Question 1

Plasmodium basics

Answer 1

• 80% p. Falciparum
• definitive host and vector - anopheles so. Mosquito
• intermediate host and vessel of parasite- human primates
  Invasion occurs :
  *when infected female anopheles mosquito sucks blood from a healthy person
  *through placenta
  *blood transfusion

Question 2

Three cycles

Answer 2

• sporogeny - sexual reproduction ( mosquito)
• shizogony - asexual reproduction (human)
• Gametogony - immature generative cells ( gametocytes) development ( human)

Question 3

Types

Answer 3

P. Falciparum - malignant terra rain malaria
P. Vivax- benign tertian malaria
P. Ovale - tertian malaria
P. Malaria- quartan malaria

Question 4

Localisation, pathology, symptoms

Answer 4

Localisation : LIVER , RBC
Pathology: hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, loss of RBC
Symptoms: -Central ( headache), skin (chill, sweating), respiratory (dry cough) , spleen ( enlargement), stomach ( nausea, vomiting) , back ( pain) , muscular ( fatigue, pain) , systemic ( fever)

Question 5

Diagnosis and prevention

Answer 5

Diagnosis : microscopy of blood sample
Prevention:
- take prophylactic drugs prior to departure to the area of malaria
- avoid contact to mosquito, use a mosquito net
- clothing that covers most skin
- DDT ?