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HEM Exam 2 > Plasma Cell Dysacrasias > Flashcards

Plasma Cell Dysacrasias Flashcards

1
Q

Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia phenotype

A
  • mature B cell
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2
Q

symptoms of smoldering multiple myeloma

A
  • asymptomatic
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3
Q

light chains in amyloidosis

A
  • lambda light chains
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4
Q

result of malignant plasma cells interacting with bone marrow microenvironment

A
  • activation of osteoclasts - suppression of osteoblasts - leads to lytic bone disease
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5
Q

amyloidosis present with which stain?

A
  • congo red staining of bone marrow biopsy
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6
Q

immunoglobulins most often found in MM

A
  • IgG - IgA - light chains only
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7
Q

risk of developing myeloma from MGUS

A
  • 1% per year
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8
Q

case symptoms of Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia

A
  • headache - blurred vision - hyperviscosity
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9
Q

Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia most symptoms caused by

A
  • elevated IgM
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10
Q

gender most impacted by multiple myeloma

A
  • males
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11
Q

bence jones protein

A
  • kappa light chains in urine protein electrophoresis
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12
Q

Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia associated with which immunoglobulin

A
  • IgM
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13
Q

risk factors for multiple myeloma

A
  • age - gender - race - family history - radiation exposure - chronic antigenic stimulation
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14
Q

which population is impacted by PCD

A
  • adults
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15
Q

diagnosis test for Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia

A
  • SPEP showing IgM monoclonal spike - serum viscosity
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16
Q

race most impacted by multiple myeloma

A
  • African Americans
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17
Q

risk of developing myeloma from smoldering

A
  • 10% per year
18
Q

Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia is a disease of which population

A
  • adults
19
Q

PCD are diseases associated with

A
  • monoclonal proliferation of immunoglobulin producing plasma cells
20
Q

precursor protein in amyloidosis

A
  • secreted in a soluble state - becomes insoluble at some tissue sites and compromises organ function
21
Q

Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia related to cancer?

A
  • low grade lymphoma - involving bone marrow and spleen
22
Q

smoldering myeloma labs

A
  • > 3.0 g/dL serum monoclonal protein OR > 10-60% bone marrow plasma cells OR - urinary monoclonal protein AND - no myeloma defining events
23
Q

Amyloid light chain amyloidosis associated with

A
  • multiple myeloma - abnormal light chains
24
Q

lab values for MGUS

A
  • < 3.0 g/dL serum monoclonal protein AND - < 10% monoclonal plasma cells in bone marrow - no end organ damage
25
Q

findings associated with abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow

A
  • impaired hematopoiesis - hypogammaglobulinemia - bone disease - nerve root compression
26
Q

age most impacted by multiple myeloma

A
  • 65-70
27
Q

labs for amyloidosis

A
  • < 10% clonal plasma cells in bone marrow - <3% g/dl monoclonal protein
28
Q

Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia cell morphology

A
  • >10% lymphoplasmacytic
29
Q

what does MGUS stand for

A
  • monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
30
Q

findings associated with abnormal immunoglobulins and other factors secreted by malignant plasma cells

A
  • renal disease - rouleaux - amyloid - hyperviscosity - cryoglobulins - coagulation abnormalities CCRRAH
31
Q

clinical and pathology findings associated with multiple myeloma are a consequence of

A
  • tumor mass effect of the malignant plasma cells - abnormal secretory products from the malignant plasma cells - monoclonal immunoglobulins and cytokines
32
Q

what are myeloma defining events

A
  • hypercalcemia - renal disease - anemia - bone disease CRAB
33
Q

70% of patients with MM present with

A
  • bone pain
34
Q

Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia more common in which gender

A
  • men
35
Q

steps of multiple myeloma

A
  • MGUS -> smoldering -> myeloma
36
Q

biomarkers for multiple myeloma

A
  • extreme bone marrow clonal plasmacytosis - elevated free serum light chain level - more than one focal lesion on MRI
37
Q

bone disease associated with abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow

A
  • lytic lesions/pathologic features - hypercalcemia
38
Q

is multiple myeloma curable?

A
  • no
39
Q

diagnosis of multiple myeloma

A
  • monoclonal plasma cells of >10% AND - Myeloma Defining event
40
Q

multiple myeloma is a tumor of

A
  • plasma cells
41
Q

multiple myeloma malignant plasma cells interact with

A
  • bone marrow microenvironment
42
Q

clinical presentation of amyloidosis

A
  • raccoon eyes - enlarged tongue - proteinuria

HEM Exam 2 (11 decks)

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