Plasma Cell Dysacrasias Flashcards
Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia phenotype
- mature B cell
symptoms of smoldering multiple myeloma
- asymptomatic
light chains in amyloidosis
- lambda light chains
result of malignant plasma cells interacting with bone marrow microenvironment
- activation of osteoclasts - suppression of osteoblasts - leads to lytic bone disease
amyloidosis present with which stain?
- congo red staining of bone marrow biopsy
immunoglobulins most often found in MM
- IgG - IgA - light chains only
risk of developing myeloma from MGUS
- 1% per year
case symptoms of Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia
- headache - blurred vision - hyperviscosity
Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia most symptoms caused by
- elevated IgM
gender most impacted by multiple myeloma
- males
bence jones protein
- kappa light chains in urine protein electrophoresis
Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia associated with which immunoglobulin
- IgM
risk factors for multiple myeloma
- age - gender - race - family history - radiation exposure - chronic antigenic stimulation
which population is impacted by PCD
- adults
diagnosis test for Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia
- SPEP showing IgM monoclonal spike - serum viscosity
race most impacted by multiple myeloma
- African Americans
risk of developing myeloma from smoldering
- 10% per year
Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia is a disease of which population
- adults
PCD are diseases associated with
- monoclonal proliferation of immunoglobulin producing plasma cells
precursor protein in amyloidosis
- secreted in a soluble state - becomes insoluble at some tissue sites and compromises organ function
Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia related to cancer?
- low grade lymphoma - involving bone marrow and spleen
smoldering myeloma labs
- > 3.0 g/dL serum monoclonal protein OR > 10-60% bone marrow plasma cells OR - urinary monoclonal protein AND - no myeloma defining events
Amyloid light chain amyloidosis associated with
- multiple myeloma - abnormal light chains
lab values for MGUS
- < 3.0 g/dL serum monoclonal protein AND - < 10% monoclonal plasma cells in bone marrow - no end organ damage
findings associated with abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow
- impaired hematopoiesis - hypogammaglobulinemia - bone disease - nerve root compression
age most impacted by multiple myeloma
- 65-70
labs for amyloidosis
- < 10% clonal plasma cells in bone marrow - <3% g/dl monoclonal protein
Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia cell morphology
- >10% lymphoplasmacytic
what does MGUS stand for
- monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
findings associated with abnormal immunoglobulins and other factors secreted by malignant plasma cells
- renal disease - rouleaux - amyloid - hyperviscosity - cryoglobulins - coagulation abnormalities CCRRAH
clinical and pathology findings associated with multiple myeloma are a consequence of
- tumor mass effect of the malignant plasma cells - abnormal secretory products from the malignant plasma cells - monoclonal immunoglobulins and cytokines
what are myeloma defining events
- hypercalcemia - renal disease - anemia - bone disease CRAB
70% of patients with MM present with
- bone pain
Waldenstrom’s macrogammaglobulinemia more common in which gender
- men
steps of multiple myeloma
- MGUS -> smoldering -> myeloma
biomarkers for multiple myeloma
- extreme bone marrow clonal plasmacytosis - elevated free serum light chain level - more than one focal lesion on MRI
bone disease associated with abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow
- lytic lesions/pathologic features - hypercalcemia
is multiple myeloma curable?
- no
diagnosis of multiple myeloma
- monoclonal plasma cells of >10% AND - Myeloma Defining event
multiple myeloma is a tumor of
- plasma cells
multiple myeloma malignant plasma cells interact with
- bone marrow microenvironment
clinical presentation of amyloidosis
- raccoon eyes - enlarged tongue - proteinuria
