Plasma cell disorders

Question 1

what is paraproteinaemia?

Answer 1

presence of a monoclonal immunoglobulin band in the serum

Question 2

what is multiple myeloma?

Answer 2

a neoplastic disease characterised by plasma cell accumulation in the bone marrow + presence of monoclonal protein in serum or urine + related tissue damage in symptomatic patients

Question 3

what is the peak incidence of multiple myeloma?

Answer 3

65-70 years old

Question 4

Almost all cases of myeloma develop from a pre-existing monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). T or F.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

what is smouldering myeloma?

Answer 5

asymptomatic version of multiple myeloma; similar lab findings nut not organ or tissue damage

Question 6

how is symptomatic myeloma diagnosed?

Answer 6

if there is
- monoclonal protein in serum, urine or both
- increased clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow
- disease-related organ or tissue impairment

Question 7

what are the features of myeloma-associated tissue damage?

Answer 7

• hypercalcaemia
• renal impairment
• anaemia
• bone disease
  CRAB

Question 8

what are the clinical features of myeloma?

Answer 8

• bone pain
• features of anaemia
• recurrent infections
• features of renal failure or hypercalcemia
• abnormal bleeding tendency
• amyloidosis
• hyperviscosity syndrome

Question 9

what are the lab diagnosis for multiple myeloma?

Question 10

what is the pathogenesis behind multiple myeloma?