Haemolytic anaemia Flashcards
what are the clinical features of haemolytic anaemias?
- pallor of mucous membranes
- mild fluctuating jaundice
- splenomegaly
- urine may turn dark on standing
- pigment gallstones may occur
- aplastic crises may occur
aplastic crises are characterised by what?
a sudden increase in anaemia and drop in reticulocyte count
what are the lab findings of haemolytic anaemia?
- serum bilirubin increased
- urine urobilinogens increased
- serum haptoglobin absent
- reticulocytosis
- bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia
- damaged red cells
what are the causes of intravascular hemolysis?
- mismatched blood transfusion
- G6PD deficiency with oxidant stress
- red cell fragmentation syndromes
- Some severe autoimmune haemolytic anaemias
- Some drug- and infection-induced haemolytic anaemias
- Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
- March haemoglobinuria
- Unstable haemoglobin
what are the main lab findings of intravascular haemolysis?
- haemoglobinaemia and haemoglobinuria
- haemosiderinuria
- methaemalbuminaemia
what are examples of hereditary haemolytic anaemia?
what is the pathogenesis of hereditary spherocytosis?
what are the clinical features of hereditary spherocytosis?
what are the haematological findings of hereditary spherocytosis?
what is the investigation for HS?
what is the treatment for HS?
what is the G6PD deficiency?
what is the pattern of inheritance for G6PD?
X-linked (affecting males)
What is the is the pattern of inheritance HS?
autosomal dominant
what are the clinical features of G6PD?
