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science-chapter 8 & ch 12,13 > plants test > Flashcards

plants test Flashcards

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1
Q

describe cuticles

A

protects plant; waxy layer that coats most of the surface that expose to air; keep plants from drying out; thickness varies-depends where plant lives

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2
Q

describe cell wall

A

surrounds plant cell; outside cell membrane; cellulose; supports & protects the plant cell; when wall forms cell cannot grow larger

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3
Q

describe photosynthesis

A

chlorophyll inside chloroplasts; autotrophs; process that chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight to make food from water and carbon dioxide

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4
Q

green pigment that captured energy from sunlight

A

chlorophyll

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5
Q

sexual reproduction

A

gametophyte

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6
Q

two stages in plant life

A

sporophyte & gametophyte

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7
Q

most plants reproduce

A

asexually

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8
Q

make spores

A

sporophyte

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9
Q

spores that grow

A

gametophyte

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10
Q

example of nonvascular plants

A

mosses, liverworts, hornworts

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11
Q

example of vascular plants

A

flowers, plants with vascular tissues

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12
Q

plant that does not have specialized tissues to move water and nutrients through the plant

A

nonvascular plants

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13
Q

what do nonvascular plants depend on to move materials

A

diffusion

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14
Q

plant that has tissues to deliver water and nutrients from part of the plant to another

A

vascular plant

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15
Q

non-flowing seed plant

A

gymnosperm

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16
Q

flowing seed plants

A

angiosperms

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17
Q

example of seedless plant

A

fern, club moss, horse tails

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18
Q

latin meaning for GYMNOsperms

A

naked

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19
Q

what is the scientific name for leaves

A

cotelydus

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20
Q

what do angiosperms have

A

flowers

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21
Q

characteristics of nonvascular plants

A

not reproduce seeds, very short & small

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22
Q

large tube that carries water and nutrients to top of root

A

xylem

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23
Q

smaller tube that carries organic and inorganic nutrients in all directions

A

phloem

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24
Q

occurs when pollen moves from anthers to stigma

A

pollination

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25
Q

when the sperm fuses with the egg

A

fertilization

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26
Q

type of tissue and vascular plants that supports the plant in holds water and nutrients from the root

A

xylem

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27
Q

tissue in vascular plants that holds food

A

phloem

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28
Q

male reproductive structure of the flower that makes Pollen and has anther at the top of the filament

A

stamen

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29
Q

female reproductive structure of the flower that make seed and has an ovary, style, and stigma

A

pistil

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30
Q

flower structure that produces pollen

A

anther

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31
Q

what in the flower allows carbon dioxide to enter

A

Stomata

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32
Q

what are three functions of the stem

A

support the plant body, transport materials, store materials

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33
Q

what type of stem is soft, thin, and flexible, and example would be a poppy

A

herbaceous

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34
Q

what stems are made of wood and bark in an example would be a tree

A

woody

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35
Q

pollen can be carried by _____ and ______

A

wind or animal pollinators

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36
Q

in fertilization sperm meets the egg and creates

A

embryo

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37
Q

after fertilization plants create a

A

1) embryo
2) cotyledon(seed leaves) food for baby plant
3) seed coat- protection for seed

38
Q

before the embryo starts to grow it is

A

dormant

39
Q

rootlike structure that holds Nonvascular plants in place

A

rhizoid

40
Q

non-vascular plants live in places that are

A

damp

41
Q

underground stem from new leaves/roots grown

A

rhizome

42
Q

soap, Turpintine, paint, Ink

A

resin

43
Q

angiosperms are used to make

A

Medicine, rubbers, perfume oil’s, clothing, and rope

44
Q

angiosperms are divided into what two classes

A

Monocots and eudicots

45
Q

four common characteristics all plants share

A

cuticles, cell walls, photosynthesis, alteration of generation

46
Q

how can plants be attractive to pollinators

A

brightly, colored, fragrant flowers use animals to Pollinate

47
Q

what pollinators do you use if you have a dull, unscented flower

A

Wind

48
Q

modified leaves, cover and protect the flower before it opens

A

sepals

49
Q

bright and colorful; designed to attract pollinators

A

petals

50
Q

male reproductive parts; contain filaments and anthers

A

stamens

51
Q

female reproductive parts; stigma, style, ovary with ouvles

A

pistils

52
Q

where does the pollen tube grow

A

down style to the ovule (inside the ovary)

53
Q

after fertilization ovule develops into a

A

Seed

54
Q

what does the seed contain

A

Embryo, cotyledons, seed coat

55
Q

what part of the seed becomes a fruit

A

ovary

56
Q

The process by which plants release water vapor into the air through stoma

A

Transpiration

57
Q

The process by which plants, Algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food

A

photosynthesis

58
Q

water enters the leaf through

A

The stem

59
Q

Energy from the sun absorbed by

A

Clorophyll

60
Q

glucose and oxygen are created in the

A

chloroplasts

61
Q

oxygen is released through the

A

stomata

62
Q

equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O ——> C6H12O6 + 6O2

—–> is light energy

63
Q

what are some of roots we can eat

A

carrots, sweet potato, potato, turnips

64
Q

what are some leaves we can eat

A

lettuce, spinach, kale

65
Q

what are some flowers we can eat

A

artichoke, Cauliflower, broccoli

66
Q

what are some fruit we can eat

A

avocado, tomato, olives, egg plant, squash

67
Q

what are some stems we can eat

A

cinnamon, celery, sugarcane, asparagus

68
Q

what are some seeds we can eat

A

pomegranate, peanuts, Edamame,black pepper, mustard

69
Q

how are plants originated

A

green alga

70
Q

how are green alga and fern related

A

same kind of chlorophyll, Similar cell walls, make their own food through photosynthesis, store energy in the form of starch, have a two-stage lifecycle

71
Q

young plant

A

Sporophyte

72
Q

thin stalk on the stamen

A

filament

73
Q

sac like structure that produces pollen,

A

anther

74
Q

Tip of the pistil

A

stigma

75
Q

Long slender part of the pistil

A

style

76
Q

each______ contains an egg

A

ovule

77
Q

what develops into a fruit

A

ovary

78
Q

what are some other methods of reproduction

A

plantlets, tubers, runners

79
Q

tiny plants grow on the edges of the plant sleeps. These fall off and grow on their own

A

plantlets

80
Q

underground stems, can produce new plants after a dormant season

A

tubers

81
Q

above – ground stems from which new plants can grow

A

runners

82
Q

anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism

A

stimulus

83
Q

A chemical that may cause cells to react in certain ways

A

hormone

84
Q

The tendency of a plant to go toward light is caused by a group of plant hormones

A

auxins

85
Q

increase in length

A

elongate

86
Q

a plant hormone used to ripen fruit

A

ethylene

87
Q

growth of all or part of organism in response to an exterior stimulus, such as light

A

tropism

88
Q

A change in direction of the growth of a plant in response to light

A

Phototropism

89
Q

change in Direction of the growth of a plant in response to gravity

A

gravitropism

90
Q

what controls tropism

A

stimulus

science-chapter 8 & ch 12,13 (5 decks)

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