Plants - Structure Flashcards
What are the three major structures of vascular plants?
roots, stem, and leaves
What is the purpose of roots?
1) to absorb water and nutrients from the environment and 2) to provide physical support for the plant
What is the purpose of leaves?
to photosynthesize from sunlight and perform gas exchange (like the alveoli in the human lungs)
What is the purpose of the stem?
to transport water and nutrients up to leaves and bring photosynthesis products down throughout the plant
What three types of tissues are these general structures composed of?
dermal, ground, and vascular
What is the purpose of vascular tissue?
to circulate water, nutrients, and food throughout the plant
What is the purpose for dermal tissue?
to protect and insulate the plant
What is the purpose of ground tissue?
to perform a variety of essential functions; ground tissue is the most varied of the three tissue types
What type of tissue contains xylem and phloem?
Vascular tissue
What type of tissue contains parenchymal, sclerenchymal, and collenchymal cells?
Ground tissue
Which one carries up water and nutrients from the roots: xylem or phloem?
Xylem
Trees have what sort of root system?
fibrous
Carrots are examples of what sort of root system?
taproot
The very tip of the root system and the top of the shoot when the plant is developing is called the ________ ________
apical meristem (apex of the stems and roots)
What are the three features that separate plant cells from animal cells?
a rigid wall to provide structure, a dominant central vacuole (fluid pouch) that takes the majority of the cell, and chloroplasts to perform photosynthesis
