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plants review Flashcards

1
Q

plant cells are organized into…

A

tissues and organs

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2
Q

chlorophyll

A

traps energy in sunlight

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3
Q

What are the two large groups into which plants are classified?

A

divisions

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4
Q

what characteristics are divisions based on?

A

how water and dissolved nutrients are moved throughout the plant

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5
Q

what are the two divisions?

A

tracheophytes and bryophytes

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6
Q

are tracheophytes vascular plants?

A

yes

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7
Q

are bryophytes vascular plants?

A

no

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8
Q

do bryophytes and tracheophytes have cell walls?

A

yes

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9
Q

do tracheophytes have a system of connecting tubes?

A

yes

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10
Q

do bryophytes have a system of connecting tubes?

A

no

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11
Q

do tracheophytes have true roots, stems, and leaves?

A

yes

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12
Q

do bryophytes have true roots, stems, and leaves?

A

no

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13
Q

can bryophytes and tracheophytes make their own food?

A

yes

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14
Q

which division do mosses belong to?

A

bryophytes

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15
Q

which division do trees belong to?

A

tracheophytes

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16
Q

are bryophytes simple plants?

A

yes

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17
Q

are tracheophytes simple plants?

A

no

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18
Q

are bryophytes complex plants?

A

no

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19
Q

are tracheophytes complex plants?

A

yes

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20
Q

which division do liverworts belong to?

A

bryophyte

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21
Q

which division do roses belong to?

A

tracheophyte

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22
Q

which division do ferns belong to?

A

tracheophyte

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23
Q

What is the difference between vascular & nonvascular plants?

A

vascular plants have transport tubes, nonvascular plants don’t.

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24
Q

what is a vascular system?

A

a system of connecting tubes.

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25
autotroph
organism that produces their own food
26
eukaryotes
cells that have a nucleus
27
adaptations for living on land
Need to obtain WATER & OTHER NUTRIENTS. ex. Algae- from H2O that surrounds them. ex. Flower- from H2O in soil.
28
Cuticle
transparent waxy layer that covers leaves. Holds H2O in & Lets sunlight through.
29
Transport Material
for growth and development
30
Nonvascular or Bryophytes-
no ROOTS , STEMS or LEAVES. Grow in DAMP & shady areas in or near WATER. Height- a few cm tall.
31
Vascular or Tracheophytes-
have roots, stems & leaves. Provide support (like a skeleton). c. Height- can grow tall
32
Vascular tissue function
transports materials
33
Makes up the cell wall:
cellulose
34
function of the cell wall:
protection & support
35
Function of the chloroplasts:
hold and store the chlorophyll
36
Where does photosynthesis take place?
in the leaves
37
Vascular Plants belong to division...
tracheophyta
38
Vascular plants have true...
roots, stems, and leaves
39
Examples from tracheophyta:
trees, flowers, vegetable plants
40
Nonvascular plants belong to division...
bryophyta
41
Nonvascular plants lack true
roots, stems, and leaves
42
Nonvascular plants get their water & nutrients by...
cell to cell contact
43
Examples from bryophyta:
moss, liverwort, and hornwort.
44
stems functions
transport support store food
45
roots functions
anchor plant transport store food
46
leaves functions
photosynthesis gas exchange transport
47
anchor plant function
hold plant in the ground
48
absorption function
takes in H2O and nutrients from soil
49
fibrous root
many thin branched roots that grab the soil. ex: onion
50
tap root
one large root with think extensions that grow from it ex: carrot
51
prop root
a root that grows from a stem above the ground ex: corn stalk
52
how many layers are there in roots
3
53
outer layer of a root (EPIDERMIS LAYER)
single layer of cells that absorb H2O
54
root hairs
extend from the outer layer/epidermis layer and increase surface area for absorption
55
middle layer of a root
stores food and H2O
56
inner layer of a root
transports material through transport tubes
57
2 types of transport tubes
xylem and phloem
58
xylem
transports h2o and nutrients from roots to the leaves.
59
phloem
transports food down from the leaves
60
root tip
end of the tip. new roots grow here and grow down
61
root cap
cup chaped cells that cover the root tip (helmet)
62
2 types of plant stems
herbaceous and woody
63
Herbaceous Stems-
- soft, smooth & green. - usually do not grow taller than 2 meters. Plants with these stems - grow during spring & summer & then die. ex; Tomato & bean plants
64
Woody Stems-
- thick & rough - may live for many growing seasons. They grow taller & wider each year. ex; all trees
65
The outer layer of a woody stem is the...
bark
66
Extra water evaporates into the air through the...
leaves
67
three examples of plants with herbaceous stems.
tulips, daisy , orchids
68
three examples of plants with woody stems.
pine tree, oak tree, palm tree
69
Only I Can See Hicksville Anytime
Outer bark Inner bark Cambium Sapwood Heartwood Annular rings
70
Chlorophyll can be found in the...
palisade and spongy layers
71
heartwood
inactive xylem
72
sapwood
active xylem
73
palisade layer
long, narrow densely packed cells in the upper part of the mesophyll. This is the main site for photosynthesis in the leaf.
74
spongy layer
loosely packed cells on the lower part of the mesophyll. Food making also occurs here, but not as much as the palisade layer.
75
angiosperms
flowers and fruits
76
what does a fern use to reproduce
spores
77
the leaf of a fern is called a...
frond

science 7H (2 decks)

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