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science 7H > plants review > Flashcards

plants review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

plant cells are organized into…

A

tissues and organs

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2
Q

chlorophyll

A

traps energy in sunlight

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3
Q

What are the two large groups into which plants are classified?

A

divisions

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4
Q

what characteristics are divisions based on?

A

how water and dissolved nutrients are moved throughout the plant

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5
Q

what are the two divisions?

A

tracheophytes and bryophytes

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6
Q

are tracheophytes vascular plants?

A

yes

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7
Q

are bryophytes vascular plants?

A

no

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8
Q

do bryophytes and tracheophytes have cell walls?

A

yes

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9
Q

do tracheophytes have a system of connecting tubes?

A

yes

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10
Q

do bryophytes have a system of connecting tubes?

A

no

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11
Q

do tracheophytes have true roots, stems, and leaves?

A

yes

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12
Q

do bryophytes have true roots, stems, and leaves?

A

no

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13
Q

can bryophytes and tracheophytes make their own food?

A

yes

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14
Q

which division do mosses belong to?

A

bryophytes

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15
Q

which division do trees belong to?

A

tracheophytes

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16
Q

are bryophytes simple plants?

A

yes

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17
Q

are tracheophytes simple plants?

A

no

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18
Q

are bryophytes complex plants?

A

no

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19
Q

are tracheophytes complex plants?

A

yes

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20
Q

which division do liverworts belong to?

A

bryophyte

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21
Q

which division do roses belong to?

A

tracheophyte

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22
Q

which division do ferns belong to?

A

tracheophyte

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23
Q

What is the difference between vascular & nonvascular plants?

A

vascular plants have transport tubes, nonvascular plants don’t.

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24
Q

what is a vascular system?

A

a system of connecting tubes.

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25
Q

autotroph

A

organism that produces their own food

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26
Q

eukaryotes

A

cells that have a nucleus

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27
Q

adaptations for living on land

A

Need to obtain WATER & OTHER NUTRIENTS.

ex. Algae- from H2O that surrounds them.

ex. Flower- from H2O in soil.

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28
Q

Cuticle

A

transparent waxy layer that covers leaves.

Holds H2O in & Lets sunlight through.

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29
Q

Transport Material

A

for growth and development

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30
Q

Nonvascular or Bryophytes-

A

no ROOTS , STEMS or LEAVES.

Grow in DAMP & shady areas in or near WATER.

Height- a few cm tall.

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31
Q

Vascular or Tracheophytes-

A

have roots, stems & leaves.

Provide support (like a skeleton).

c. Height- can grow tall

32
Q

Vascular tissue function

A

transports materials

33
Q

Makes up the cell wall:

A

cellulose

34
Q

function of the cell wall:

A

protection & support

35
Q

Function of the chloroplasts:

A

hold and store the chlorophyll

36
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A

in the leaves

37
Q

Vascular Plants belong to division…

A

tracheophyta

38
Q

Vascular plants have true…

A

roots, stems, and leaves

39
Q

Examples from tracheophyta:

A

trees, flowers, vegetable plants

40
Q

Nonvascular plants belong to division…

A

bryophyta

41
Q

Nonvascular plants lack true

A

roots, stems, and leaves

42
Q

Nonvascular plants get their water & nutrients by…

A

cell to cell contact

43
Q

Examples from bryophyta:

A

moss, liverwort, and hornwort.

44
Q

stems functions

A

transport
support
store food

45
Q

roots functions

A

anchor plant
transport
store food

46
Q

leaves functions

A

photosynthesis
gas exchange
transport

47
Q

anchor plant function

A

hold plant in the ground

48
Q

absorption function

A

takes in H2O and nutrients from soil

49
Q

fibrous root

A

many thin branched roots that grab the soil.
ex: onion

50
Q

tap root

A

one large root with think extensions that grow from it
ex: carrot

51
Q

prop root

A

a root that grows from a stem above the ground
ex: corn stalk

52
Q

how many layers are there in roots

A

3

53
Q

outer layer of a root (EPIDERMIS LAYER)

A

single layer of cells that absorb H2O

54
Q

root hairs

A

extend from the outer layer/epidermis layer and increase surface area for absorption

55
Q

middle layer of a root

A

stores food and H2O

56
Q

inner layer of a root

A

transports material through transport tubes

57
Q

2 types of transport tubes

A

xylem and phloem

58
Q

xylem

A

transports h2o and nutrients from roots to the leaves.

59
Q

phloem

A

transports food down from the leaves

60
Q

root tip

A

end of the tip. new roots grow here and grow down

61
Q

root cap

A

cup chaped cells that cover the root tip (helmet)

62
Q

2 types of plant stems

A

herbaceous and woody

63
Q

Herbaceous Stems-

A
  • soft, smooth & green.
  • usually do not grow taller than 2 meters. Plants with these stems
  • grow during spring & summer & then die.

ex; Tomato & bean plants

64
Q

Woody Stems-

A
  • thick & rough
  • may live for many growing seasons. They grow taller & wider each year.

ex; all trees

65
Q

The outer layer of a woody stem is the…

A

bark

66
Q

Extra water evaporates into the air through the…

A

leaves

67
Q

three examples of plants with herbaceous stems.

A

tulips, daisy , orchids

68
Q

three examples of plants with woody stems.

A

pine tree, oak tree, palm tree

69
Q

Only
I
Can
See
Hicksville
Anytime

A

Outer bark
Inner bark
Cambium
Sapwood
Heartwood
Annular rings

70
Q

Chlorophyll can be found in the…

A

palisade and spongy layers

71
Q

heartwood

A

inactive xylem

72
Q

sapwood

A

active xylem

73
Q

palisade layer

A

long, narrow densely packed cells in the upper part of the
mesophyll. This is the main site for photosynthesis in the leaf.

74
Q

spongy layer

A

loosely packed cells on the lower part of the mesophyll.
Food making also occurs here, but not as much as the palisade layer.

75
Q

angiosperms

A

flowers and fruits

76
Q

what does a fern use to reproduce

A

spores

77
Q

the leaf of a fern is called a…

A

frond

science 7H (2 decks)

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