Plants Flashcards
Leaf
Makes food for the plant (photosynthesis)
Cools the plant when water vapor passes through it
Allows the exchange of carbon dioxide
Fruit
Protects seeds
Provides food for seeds
Bud
Allows new leaves and flowers to grow
Stem
The stem allows the transport of food, water and minerals around the plant. It also supports the plant and holds it upright, stems also store food
Roots
Anchor and support, take in water and nutrients, store food (e.g carrots and turnips)
Transport in plants
There are vessels in a plant, the xylem and the phloem.
Xylem
Water is absorbed through the roots and travels up through the roots and travels to the leaves and the tips of the plant through the xylem, minerals from the soil are dissolved in the water and so, travel in the xylem also
Phloem
Food from the leafs travels to other parts of the plant in the phloem
Transpiration
Is the loss of water vapor from the stomata of the leaves, the flow of water from the roots up through the plant and out the leaves is called the transpiration stream
Stomata
Are little holes on the underside of the leaves.
Stimulus
Is anything that causes a response in an organism, plants respond to light and gravity
Shoots tropism
Shoots/stems are positively phototrophic, negatively geotropic
Why geotropism is good
It makes sure plants roots travel down to find water and minerals in the soil, having deep roots means the plant is anchored to the soil
Why phototropism is good
It makes sure plants get enough light for photosynthesis so that they can make food
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process where green plants make food using light energy
Chlorophyll
A chemical need for photosynthesis and is found in the chloroplast
How leaves are designed
Leaves are flat and thin so sunlight can get through them, leaves have tiny holes called stomata to allow oxygen out and carbon in
Sexual reproduction
The flower is the sexual repruduction organ of the plant, male cells called pollen are made here, female cells are made here.
Sepal
Protects the flower before it blooms
Petals
Colored and scented to attract insects
Male parts
Stamen made up of filament and anther
Filmant
Holds up anther
Anther
Marks pollen
Female parts
Carpel made up of stigma, style and ovary
Ovary
Makes the egg or ovule (gamete)
Stigma
Pollen lands and sticks to it
Style
Makes a tube for the pollen (male gamete) to travel down to the egg (female gamete)
Pollination
Is the transfer of the pollen from the stamen (anther) of one plant to the carpel (stigma) of another, there’s two types insect and wind
Fertilisation
Fertilisation is the fusion of the male
