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Plants Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Reproduction that needs two individuals to produce a new organism of the same type

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2
Q

Tuber

A

The swollen part of an underground stem used as a storage organ and as a method of asexual reproduction in some plants

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3
Q

Variation

A

The difference between things

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4
Q

Zygote

A

Another term for fertilised egg cell

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5
Q

Anther

A

A male reproductive organ in plants that produces pollen grains

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6
Q

Carpel

A

The set of female reproductive organs in plants

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7
Q

Cross-pollination

A

When pollen is transferred from one plant to another of the same species

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8
Q

Filament

A

A male reproductive organ in plants that supports the anther

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9
Q

Pollen grain

A

The container for the male gamete in plants

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10
Q

Pollen tube

A

A tube that grows from a pollen grain down through the stigma and style and into the ovary

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11
Q

Pollination

A

The transfer of pollen from another stigma

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12
Q

Self-pollination

A

When pollen is transferred from a flower on a plant to a stigma in the same flower or to another flower on the same plant

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13
Q

Sepal

A

A leaf-like structure that protects a flower bud

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14
Q

Stamen

A

The set of male reproductive organs in plants

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15
Q

Cell division

A

The splitting of a cell to form two identical cells

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16
Q

Competition

A

There is competition between organisms that need the same things as each other

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17
Q

Embryo

A

The tiny new life that grows by cell division from a fertilised egg cell

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18
Q

Fertilisation

A

Fusing of a male gamete with a female gamete

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19
Q

Fertilised egg cell

A

What is produced when two gametes fuse

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20
Q

Fruit

A

Something used to carry the seeds of flowering plants

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21
Q

Gamete

A

A cell used for sexual reproduction

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22
Q

Germinate

A

When a seed starts to grow

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23
Q

Biodiversity

A

The range of different species of organisms in an area

24
Q

Characteristic

A

A feature of an organism

25
Q

Classify

A

To sort things into groups

26
Q

Extinct

A

An organism that no longer exists

27
Q

Genus

A

A group of similar organisms

28
Q

Plant kingdom

A

A group of organisms that have cells with cell walls made of cellulose and that are a lot to photosynthesise

29
Q

Species

A

A group of organisms that can reproduce with each other to produce offspring that will also be able to reproduce

30
Q

Accuracy

A

A measure to how close a value is to another value

31
Q

Accurate

A

A measurement that is close to the true value

32
Q

Estimate

A

An approximate answer

33
Q

Population

A

The number of of a certain organism in a certain area

34
Q

Quadrat

A

A square frame, thrown randomly on the ground, which is used to sample plants in an area

35
Q

Random

A

When there is an equal chance for one event occurring as there is for any other events in the same set

36
Q

Random error

A

An error that can be different for every reading

37
Q

Sample

A

To take a small parti of something to investigate

38
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Producing new organisms with one parent only

39
Q

Fertile

A

Able to produce offspring

40
Q

Gamete

A

A cell used for sexual reproduction

41
Q

Hybrid

A

An organism produced when members of two different species reproduce with each other

42
Q

Inherited

A

A feature that an organism gets from a parent

43
Q

Inherited variation

A

Differences between organisms passed on to offspring by their parents in reproduction

44
Q

Runner

A

A stem that grows from certain plants, from when new plants grow using asexual reproduction

45
Q

Pollen tube

A

A tube that grows from a pollen grain down through the stigma and style and into the ovary

46
Q

Seed

A

A small part of a plant formed by sexual reproduction that can grow into a new plant

47
Q

Seed coat

A

The tough outer covering of a seed

48
Q

Seed dispersal

A

The spreading of the seeds away from a parent plant

49
Q

Byproduct

A

A substance produced by a chemical reaction that is not the desired product of the reaction

50
Q

Chloroplast

A

A green disc containing chlorophyll

51
Q

Dormant

A

If something is dormant its life processes are very slow

52
Q

Enzyme

A

A substance that can speed up some processes in living things

53
Q

Interdependent

A

Organisms that depend on one another

54
Q

Life cycle

A

The series of changes in an organism as it grows, matures and reproduces

55
Q

Photosynthesis

A

A process that plants use to make their own food

56
Q

Respiration

A

A process in which energy is released from substances so it can be used by an organism

57
Q

Starch

A

A type of insoluble carbohydrate found in plants

Science (4 decks)

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