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Food Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the gut

A

The organs that form the tube running from the mouth to the anus

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2
Q

Ingestion

A

Taking substances into the body

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3
Q

Insoluble

A

A substance that cannot be dissolved in a certain liquid

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4
Q

Large intestine

A

An organ in which water is removed from undigested food

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5
Q

Liver

A

An organ used to make and destroy substances in your body

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6
Q

Microorganism

A

An organism to small to be seen with the naked eye

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7
Q

Oesophagus

A

The muscular tube that leads from the mouth to the stomach

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8
Q

Rectum

A

An organ that stores faeces before they are egested

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9
Q

Saliva

A

A digestive juice

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10
Q

Salivary gland

A

Found in the mouth, it makes saliva

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11
Q

Small intestine

A

An organ in which most digestion happens

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12
Q

Soluble

A

Describes a substance that can dissolve in a certain liquid

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13
Q

Stomach

A

An organ containing strong acid that mixes food up and digests proteins

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14
Q

Surface area

A

The total area of all the surfaces of a three-dimensional object

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15
Q

Absorb

A

To take in

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16
Q

Diffusion

A

When particles spread and mix with each other without moving them

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17
Q

Micro villus

A

A fold on the surface of a villus cell

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18
Q

Model

A

A way of showing or representing something that helps you think about it or find out about it

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19
Q

Plasma

A

The liquid part of the blood

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20
Q

Villus

A

A small finger like part of the small intestine

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21
Q

Anaemia

A

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of iron

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22
Q

Balanced diet

A

Eating a wide variety of foods to provide all the things the body needs

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23
Q

Deficiency disease

A

A disease caused by a lack of nutrients

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24
Q

Heart disease

A

A disease caused by narrowing of the arteries carrying blood to the muscles of the heart so the heart muscle do not receive enough oxygen

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25
Q

Kwashiorkor

A

A deficiency caused by a lack of protein

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26
Q

Malnutrition

A

A problem caused by having too much or too little of a nutrient in the diet

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27
Q

Night blindness

A

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin A

28
Q

Obesity

A

Being very overweight

29
Q

Reference intake

A

the amount of a nutrient that people are advised to eat in a day

30
Q

Rickets

A

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of calcium

31
Q

Scurvy

A

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin C

32
Q

Starvation

A

A form of malnutrition in which people lack many nutrients

33
Q

Anus

A

The opening at the ends of the gut

34
Q

Bacterium

A

A type of prokaryote microorganism

35
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, without itself being used up

36
Q

Digestion

A

A process that breaks food into soluble substances in our bodies

37
Q

Digestive juice

A

A liquid containing enzymes that break down food

38
Q

Digestive system

A

An organ system that breaks down food

39
Q

Egestion

A

When faeces are pushed out of the anus

40
Q

Elimination

A

An other term for egestion

41
Q

Enzyme

A

A substance that can speed up some processes in living things

42
Q

Faeces

A

Waste food material produced by the intestines

43
Q

Food pipe

A

A non-scientific term for oesophagus

44
Q

Gullet

A

Another term for oesophagus

45
Q

Claim

A

A statement that is supposed to be true

46
Q

Carbohydrate

A

A nutrient that is used as the main source of energy

47
Q

Constipation

A

When the intestine gets blocked

48
Q

Diet

A

The food that you eat

49
Q

Fat

A

A nutrient that is stored to be used for energy in yo the future

50
Q

Fibre

A

A substance found in food that is not used up by the body

51
Q

Lipid

A

Fats and oils are part of a large group of similar substances called lipids

52
Q

Mineral(biology)

A

An element that is a nutrient needed in small quantities for health

53
Q

Mineral(chemistry)

A

A naturally occurring element or compound that can form distinct grains in rocks

54
Q

Mineral salt(biology)

A

A compound containing an important element that is needed in small quantities for health

55
Q

Nutrient

A

A substance needed in the diet to provide raw materials for making new substances and for energy release

56
Q

Nutrition

A

The substances that help organisms respire and grow

57
Q

Oil(biology)

A

A liquid fat

58
Q

Protein

A

A nutrient used for growth and repair

59
Q

Raw material

A

A substance used to make other substances

60
Q

Starch

A

A type of insoluble carbohydrate found in plants

61
Q

Sugar

A

A type of soluble carbohydrate

62
Q

Vitamin

A

A nutrient needed in small quantities for health

63
Q

Fuel

A

A substance that contains a store of chemical or nuclear energy that can easily be transferred

64
Q

Kilojoule

A

A unit used to measure energy

65
Q

Respiration

A

A process in which energy is released from substances so it can be used by an organism

66
Q

Transfer

A

When energy moves from one place to another

Science (4 decks)

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