Plants

Question 1

What do the upper and lower epidermis contain in a leaf?

Answer 1

The upper and lower epidermis is packed with chloroplasts so they’re near the sunlight, chlorophyll is contained in chloroplasts. It is a green substance that absorbs the sunlight for photosynthesis.

Question 2

What happens at the mesophyll layer?

Answer 2

The mesophyll layer is where most of the photosynthesis occurs, the cells have a tall shape which gives a larger surface area for absorbing co2.

Question 3

What do the xylem and phloem tissues do?

Answer 3

the xylem and phloem tissue transport water, minerals and ions around the plant.

Question 4

What do guard cells do?

Answer 4

The guard cells open and close the stomata (pores) in a leaf.
When a plant has lots of water the guard cells swell so the stomata opens so gases can be exchanged for photosynthesis.
When the plant has little water guard cells shrivel and close pores so water vapour does not escape.

Question 5

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 5

carbon dioxide + water—>sunlight—> glucose + oxygen

Question 6

What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 6

• temperature
• light intensity
• availability of co2
• availability of water
• availability of nutrients.

Question 7

How do plants use glucose?

Answer 7

• For respiration which releases energy
• for making cell walls
• making proteins
• turned into lipids and stored in seeds
• turned into starch and stored, starch is insoluble which makes it better for storing than glucose as a cell with lots of glucose would absorb a lot of water and swell up.

Question 8

What do all plant and animal cells have?

Answer 8

Nucleus- contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell.

Cytoplasm- where most of the chemical reactions happen, contains enzymes controlling these reactions.

Cell Membrane- holds cell together and controls what goes in and out.

Mitochondria- where most of the reactions for respiration take place, respiration releases energy that the cell needs to work.

Ribosomes- these are where proteins are made in the cell.

Question 9

What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

Answer 9

vacuole- contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts.
cell wall- made of cellulose, supports cell and strengthens it.
chloroplasts- where photosynthesis occurs, contain a green substance called chlorophyll.