Plants Flashcards
What are the six organelles found in plant cells?
Tonoplasts, vacuoles, mitochondria, chloroplast, nucleolus and nucleus
What are plant cell walls largely made up of?
Cellulose
What is the gap between each plant cell called?
The plasmodesmata
What is most of the stem made up of?
Parenchyma
What is the function of the xylem?
To carry water and dissolved minerals up the plant
What is the function of phloem?
To carry dissolved products of photosynthesis to where they are needed in the plant
What is the vacuolar pathway?
Water moving by osmosis across the vacuoles of the cell
What is the symplastic pathway?
When water moves between the cytoplasm of interconnected cells
What is the apoplastic pathway?
When water moves along the outside of cell walls
What is nitrogen used for in plants?
To make amino acids and proteins
What is calcium used for in plants?
For structure, to create calciumpectate
What is magnesium used for in plant cells?
To create chlorophyll
What are phosphates used for in plant cells?
In the processes which transfer energy on cells
What are four roles that water has in plants?
Water is used during photosynthesis
Water acts as a transport medium
Water provides tugor
Water acts as a solvent
GGMED is the acronym for what?
Plant fertilisation
What does the first G in plant fertilisation stand for?
Growth of pollen tube
What does the second G in plant fertilisation stand for?
Generative nucleus divides producing two haploid gametes
What does m in plant fertilisation stand for?
Microphyll is breached
What does e stand for in plant fertilisation?
Embryo sac is breached
What does d stand for in plant fertilisation?
Double fertilisation
What happens to the male gametes in plant fertilisation?
1 male gamete fuses with egg to produce diploid zygote
1 male gamete fuses with polar nuclei to produce triploid primary endosperm nucleus
