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Biology 11 H > Plants > Flashcards

Plants Flashcards

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0
Q

Fungi differ from plants in that fungi:

a) cannot make their own food
b) lack chlorophyll
c) lack specialized tissue
d) all of these

A

d) all of these

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1
Q

An organism which lacks chlorophyll, lives in a moist environment, and has no apparent leaf-like structure would be a:

a) Mushroom
b) Moss
c) Lichen
d) Alga

A

a) Mushroom

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2
Q

A spore is alaways:

a) an endospore produced by a bacteria
b) flagellated
c) produced by a zygote
d) haploid

A

d) haploid

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3
Q

Masses of hyphae are known as:

a) sporangiophores
b) stolons
c) rhizoids
d) mycelium

A

d) mycelium

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4
Q

An important characteristic used to distinguish between the divisions of fungi is their:

a) organization of hyphae
b) locomotor structures
c) mode of sexual reproduction
d) nutritional mode

A

c) mode of sexual reproduction

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5
Q

Which of the following is not a role of fungi?

a) parasite
b) producer
c) decomposer
d) pioneer

A

b) producer

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6
Q

A fungus for which no sexual reproduction has been observed is grouped with the:

a) deuteromycetes
b) basidiomycetes
c) protists
d) monera

A

a) deuteromycetes

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7
Q

The spores of the mushroom are contained on a structure called the:

a) zygosphore
b) ascus
c) basidium
d) sporangium

A

c) basidium

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8
Q

The function of the umbrella-shaped structure of a mushroom is:

a) respiration
b) reproduction
c) digestion of food
d) manufacture of food

A

b) reproduction

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9
Q

When Rhizopus destroys a loaf of bread, digestive enzymes are sescreted by the:

a) rhizoids
b) sporangia
c) stolons
d) spores

A

a) zhizoids

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10
Q

the sporangiaphore of a bread mould functions mainly in:

a) storing ripe spores
b) forming spores
c) spreading stolons across the medium
d) holding up the spore case

A

d) holding up the spore case

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11
Q

Rhizopus spreads across the surface of a piece of bread by menas of its:

a) sporangiophores
b) rhizoids
c) zygospores
d) stolons

A

d) stolons

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12
Q

A lichen consists of:

a) a green algae and a fungus
b) red alga and a fungus
c) a blue algae and a fungus
d) a fungus and a bacteria

A

a) a green algae and a fungus

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13
Q

The presence of pigments in algae allows for:

a) light absorption
b) aerobic respiration
c) assexual reproduction
d) sexual reproduction

A

a) light absorprion

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14
Q

The advantage of sexual reproduction in algae is:

a) the sporophytes that result
b) that it ensures survival
c) the identical young that results
d) the recombination of genetic information from different individuals

A

d) the recombination of genetiic information from different individiuals

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15
Q

One difference between green algae and higher plants is that green algae:

a) have no cellulose in their walls
b) lack chlorophyll b
c) do not store energy a starch
d) may be unicellular, filamentous, colonial

A

d) may be unicellular, filamentous, or colonial

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16
Q

In trees, the sporophyte generation:

a) contains the vascular tissue
b) is the dominant generation
c) is woody
d) is the diploid generation
e) all of these

A

e) all of these

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17
Q

Woody plants have large trunks composed mostly of:

a) palisade
b) phloem
c) xylem
d) epidermis

A

c) xylem

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18
Q

Conifers depend largely upon ____ for fertilization

a) insects
b) water
c) the wind
d) flagellae

A

c) the wind

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19
Q

The evolution of the seed is most strongly correlated with:

a) adaptation to a wet environment
b) adaptation to land
c) the evolution of an independent gametophyte
d) the development of sexual reproduction

A

b) adaptation to land

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20
Q

Naked seeds are produced by:

a) gymnospermae
b) bryophyta
c) angiospermae
d) filicinae

A

a) gymnospermae

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21
Q

The chief supporting cells of a stem of a woody plant are found in::

a) cambium
b) phloem
c) xylem
d) bark

A

c) xylem

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22
Q

A trend in the development of higher plants is decreasing:

a) physical size
b) photosynthetic ability
c) size of the sporophyte generation
d) size of the gametophyte generation

A

d) size of the gametophyte generation

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23
Q

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

a) all tracheophytes have vascular tissue
b) all bryophytes have vascular tissue
c) all bryophytes have a conspicuous sporophyte generation
d) all tracheophytes reproduce by seeds

A

a) all tracheophytes have vascular tissue

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24
Q

Which of the following diagrams most correctly represents the events in sexual reproduction?

a) zygote => gamete => organism
b) gamete + gamete => zygote => organism
c) gamete => zygote => organism
d) zygote + zygote => gamete => organism

A

b) gamete + gamete => zygote => organism

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25
Q

Monocots differ from dicots in:

a) the number of petals
b) the number of cotyledons
c) leaf venation
d) the distribution of vascular tissues
e) all of these

A

e) all of these

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26
Q

The easiest and surest way of establishing that a leaf is from a monocot is:

a) looking for the presence of vascular tissue
b) examining the pattern of venation
c) looking for secondary growth
d) scraping its upper surface to see if it is waxy

A

b) examining the pattern of venation

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27
Q

The difference between a seed and spore is:

a) spores are formed by mitosis; seeds by meiosis
b) sporophytes form from spore; gametophytes from seeds
c) spores are monoploid; seeds are diploid
d) only the seed is a reproductive structure

A

c) spores are monoploid; seeds are diploid

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28
Q

Vascular plants developed special structures to deal with (1) desiccation of the embryo, (2) water absorption, and (3) transport of sugars from sites of photosynthesis. In respective order these structures are the:

a) spore, leaves, and xylem
b) cuticle, root, and stem
c) cuticle, stomata, and phloem
d) seed, root, and phloem

A

d) seed, root and phloem

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29
Q

In plants well adapted to life on land:

a) fertilization results in a gametophyte generation
b) fertilization does not occur
c) pollination precedes fertilization
d) all of these

A

c) pollination precedes fertilization

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30
Q

Which of these is arranged in the proper order?

a) seed formation, fertilization, germination, pollination
b) fertilization, pollination, seed formation, germination
c) germination, seed formation, fertilization, pollination
d) pollination, fertilization, seed formation, germination

A

d) pollination, fertlization, seed formation, germinations

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31
Q

A seed typically:

a) has a cotyledon(s)
b) contains embryo and stored food
c) germinates before it starts to grow
d) all of these are true

A

d) all of these are true

32
Q

A fruit is a mature:

a) pistil
b) ovary
c) stigma and style
d) ovule

A

b) ovary

33
Q

The part of the embryo that will give rise to roots is the:

a) hypocotyle
b) radicle
c) epicotyle
d) plummule

A

b) radicle

34
Q

Food is stored in a bean seed in the:

a) radicle
b) plumule
c) cotyledon
d) testa

A

c) cotyledon

35
Q

The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma is called:

a) respiration
b) pollination
c) fertilization
d) conception

A

b) pollination

36
Q

A seed leaf present in the seed is called:

a) cotyledon
b) endosperm
c) primary leaf
d) epicotyl

A

a) cotyledon

37
Q

Flowering plants have evolved fruits as a means of:

a) dispersing their seeds
b) attracting highly specific pollinators
c) feeding insects that defend the plant
d) protecting the embryo from drying out

A

a) dispersing the seeds

38
Q

A seed and a spore differ in that:

a) the spore is formed by a union of egg and sperm
b) the seed is a young sporophytel; the spore is an asexual reproductive cell
c) the spore produces the sporophyte; the seed produces the gametophyte generation
d) only the seed is a reproductive structure

A

b) the seed is a young sporophyte; the spore is an asexual reproductive cell

39
Q

In flowering plants, the pollen tubes serve as passageways for:

a) ovules
b) pollen grains
c) egg nuclei
d) sperm nuclei

A

d) sperm nuclei

40
Q

The essential parts of a flower are:

a) the pistil and stamen
b) the petals and sepals
c) the petals and stamen
d) the sepals and stamen
e) the sepals and pistil

A

a) the pistil and stamen

41
Q

Stomata:

a) have guard cells
b) are located in lower epidermis
c) function in gas exchange
d) are openings
e) all of these

A

e) all of these

42
Q

The tissues of a leaf, in order from the upper surface to the lower surface, are:

a) cuticle, stomata, mesophyll, spongy and palisade layer, lower epidermis
b) epidermis, mesophyll layer, cortex layer, epidermis
c) cuticle, epidermis, cambium layer, phloem, xylem, endodermis, cuticle
d) epidermis, palisade layer, spongy layer, lower epidermis

A

d) epidermis, palisade layer, spongy layer, lower epidermis

43
Q

What role does transpiration play in water transport?

a) pulls the water
b) pushes the water
c) uses up the wayer
d) no role

A

a) pulls the water

44
Q

Water and minerals move upward in roots and stems primarily through the:

a) xylem
b) cortex
c) phloem
d) cambium

A

a) xylem

45
Q

Most of the water obtained by a plant enters through the:

a) stomata
b) cambium layer
c) paalisade cells
d) root hairs

A

d) root hairs

46
Q

The leaves are covered by an epidermis having a waxy cuticle which:

a) wards off insect attacks
b) helps protect a plant against desiccation
c) hinders the normal uptake of water by leaves
d) none of these are true

A

b) helps protect a plant against desiccation

47
Q

A fruit is a mature:

a) stigma and style
b) ovule
c) ovary
d) pistil

A

c) ovary

48
Q

Which of the following produces pollen?

a) anther
b) stigma
c) ovary
d) pistil

A

a) anther

49
Q

Root hairs are found in what part of the root?

a) the region of division
b) the zone of maturation
c) the zone of elongation
d) the root cap

A

b) the zone of maturation

50
Q

Cambium, in a woody plant:

a) adds to the diameter of a tree
b) photosynthesizes
c) added to the height of a trees
d) stores nutrients

A

a) adds to the diameter of a tree

51
Q

Which of these gives the correct order of tissues in a longitudinal section of a root?

a) root cap, zone of maturation, zone of elongation, zone of cell division
b) root cap, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of maturation
c) zone of maturation, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, root cap
d) all of these are correct

A

b) root cap, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of maturation

52
Q

The algae are put into the various phyla according to:

a) body types
b) locomotion
c) color
d) reproduction

A

c) color

53
Q

Algae are not considered to be true plants because they:

a) lack vascular tissues
b) lack flowers
c) reproduce sexually
d) lack roots

A

a) lack vascular tissues

54
Q

Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra both contain centres for starch formation and storage. These are the:

a) vacuoles
b) chloroplast
c) eyespot
d) pyrenoid

A

d) pyrenoid

55
Q

Algae are most important because they:

a) are a potential food source for man
b) carry on most of the world’s photosynthesis
c) can be used as filters in manufacturing
d) are a source of algin

A

b) carry on most of the world’s photosynthesis

56
Q

Spirogyra gets its name from its unusual

a) motion
b) chloroplasts
c) nucleus
d) habitat

A

b) chloroplasts

57
Q

Members of the genus VOLVOX:

a) undergo alternation of generations
b) are colonial green algae
c) undergo conjugation
d) are filamentous red algae and undergo conjugation
e) are filamentous red algae

A

b) are colonial green algae

58
Q

Liverworts and mosses live in damp places because they require:

a) soft soil for root penetration
b) moisture to allow fertilization
c) extra amounts of water for support
d) high mineral content from leached soil

A

b) moisture to allow fertilization

59
Q

In the bryophytes, the zygote develops inside a multicellular structure called the:

a) sporophyte
b) sporangium
c) antheridium
d) archegonium

A

a) sporophyte

60
Q

Mosses and liverworts belong to Phylum:

a) Bryophyta
b) Plantae
c) Musci
d) Protista

A

a) Bryophta

61
Q

The gametophyte generation:

a) is identical to the sporophyte generation in some algae
b) produces spores that will grow into the sporophyte plant
c) has a double set of chromosomes and dies after meiosis occurs
d) has a single set of chromosomes and produces gametes

A

d) has a single set of chromosomes and produces gametes

62
Q

One feature distinguishing tracheophytes from bryophtes is their:

a) terrestrial existence
b) possession of a vascular system
c) possession of chlorophyll
d) life cycle of alternating generations

A

b) possession of a vascular system

63
Q

A sporophyte structure in moss is the:

a) antheridium
b) protonema
c) spore
d) capsule

A

d) capsule

64
Q

In the moss life cycle, meiosis or reduction division occurs in the formation of:

a) young sporophytes
b) spores
c) gametes
d) protonema

A

b) spores

65
Q

A filamentous structure that grows from the spore of a moss is a:

a) stalk
b) prothallus
c) sporangium
d) protonema

A

d) protonema

66
Q

Absorption of water in mosses is primarily a function of:

a) stems
b) leaves
c) rhizoids
d) roots

A

c) rhizoids

67
Q

The moss gametophyte obtains organic food:

a) from the breakdown of organic matter in the soil
b) by absorbing it through its roots
c) by the process of photosynthesis
d) from stored supplies in the sporophyte

A

c) by the process of photosynthesis

68
Q

Mosses are seldom over 20cm tall. The major reason for this is that:

a) gametes from the shoot could not reach the ground
b) their thin leaves would dry in the sun
c) there is not vascular tissue present
d) the protonema cannot anchor a plant any bigger

A

c) there is no vascular tissue present

69
Q

The rhizoids of a moss plant are:

a) diploid and part of the gametophyte generation
b) haploid and part of the sporophyte generation
c) haploid and part of the gametophyte generation
d) diploid and part of the sporophyte generation

A

c) haploid and part of the gametophyte generation

70
Q

Liquids are transported downward in a plant mainly through the:

a) cambium
b) epidermis
c) phloem
d) xylem

A

c) phloem

71
Q

Which of the following characteristics is found among all divisions of vascular plants?

a) reproduction independent of water
b) the seed
c) secondary vascular tissue
d) predominance of the sporophyte generation

A

d) predominance of the sporophyte generation

72
Q

The spore case in ferns is called:

a) antheridium
b) sorus
c) sporangium
d) archegonium

A

b) sorus

73
Q

Which of the following are seedless vascular plants?

a) mosses
b) conifers
c) angiosperms
d) ferns

A

d) ferns

74
Q

The fern gametophyte produces:

a) a protenema
b) both sperm and eggs
c) either sperm or eggs
d) a prothallus

A

d) a prothallus

75
Q

The sori of ferns are small clusters of:

a) sporangia
b) antheridia
c) gametes
d) sporophytes

A

a) sporangia

76
Q

The gametophyte generation of ferns is:

a) involved in producing male and female gametes
b) nonphotosynthetic
c) resistant to dessication
d) composed of leaflike structures called fronds

A

a) involved in producing male and female gametes

77
Q

A tiny heart-shaped structure that grows from a spore of a fern is a:

a) sporophyte
b) prothallus
c) thallus
d) protonema

A

b) prothallus

Biology 11 H (2 decks)

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