Plants Flashcards
Fungi differ from plants in that fungi:
a) cannot make their own food
b) lack chlorophyll
c) lack specialized tissue
d) all of these
d) all of these
An organism which lacks chlorophyll, lives in a moist environment, and has no apparent leaf-like structure would be a:
a) Mushroom
b) Moss
c) Lichen
d) Alga
a) Mushroom
A spore is alaways:
a) an endospore produced by a bacteria
b) flagellated
c) produced by a zygote
d) haploid
d) haploid
Masses of hyphae are known as:
a) sporangiophores
b) stolons
c) rhizoids
d) mycelium
d) mycelium
An important characteristic used to distinguish between the divisions of fungi is their:
a) organization of hyphae
b) locomotor structures
c) mode of sexual reproduction
d) nutritional mode
c) mode of sexual reproduction
Which of the following is not a role of fungi?
a) parasite
b) producer
c) decomposer
d) pioneer
b) producer
A fungus for which no sexual reproduction has been observed is grouped with the:
a) deuteromycetes
b) basidiomycetes
c) protists
d) monera
a) deuteromycetes
The spores of the mushroom are contained on a structure called the:
a) zygosphore
b) ascus
c) basidium
d) sporangium
c) basidium
The function of the umbrella-shaped structure of a mushroom is:
a) respiration
b) reproduction
c) digestion of food
d) manufacture of food
b) reproduction
When Rhizopus destroys a loaf of bread, digestive enzymes are sescreted by the:
a) rhizoids
b) sporangia
c) stolons
d) spores
a) zhizoids
the sporangiaphore of a bread mould functions mainly in:
a) storing ripe spores
b) forming spores
c) spreading stolons across the medium
d) holding up the spore case
d) holding up the spore case
Rhizopus spreads across the surface of a piece of bread by menas of its:
a) sporangiophores
b) rhizoids
c) zygospores
d) stolons
d) stolons
A lichen consists of:
a) a green algae and a fungus
b) red alga and a fungus
c) a blue algae and a fungus
d) a fungus and a bacteria
a) a green algae and a fungus
The presence of pigments in algae allows for:
a) light absorption
b) aerobic respiration
c) assexual reproduction
d) sexual reproduction
a) light absorprion
The advantage of sexual reproduction in algae is:
a) the sporophytes that result
b) that it ensures survival
c) the identical young that results
d) the recombination of genetic information from different individuals
d) the recombination of genetiic information from different individiuals
One difference between green algae and higher plants is that green algae:
a) have no cellulose in their walls
b) lack chlorophyll b
c) do not store energy a starch
d) may be unicellular, filamentous, colonial
d) may be unicellular, filamentous, or colonial
In trees, the sporophyte generation:
a) contains the vascular tissue
b) is the dominant generation
c) is woody
d) is the diploid generation
e) all of these
e) all of these
Woody plants have large trunks composed mostly of:
a) palisade
b) phloem
c) xylem
d) epidermis
c) xylem
Conifers depend largely upon ____ for fertilization
a) insects
b) water
c) the wind
d) flagellae
c) the wind
The evolution of the seed is most strongly correlated with:
a) adaptation to a wet environment
b) adaptation to land
c) the evolution of an independent gametophyte
d) the development of sexual reproduction
b) adaptation to land
Naked seeds are produced by:
a) gymnospermae
b) bryophyta
c) angiospermae
d) filicinae
a) gymnospermae
The chief supporting cells of a stem of a woody plant are found in::
a) cambium
b) phloem
c) xylem
d) bark
c) xylem
A trend in the development of higher plants is decreasing:
a) physical size
b) photosynthetic ability
c) size of the sporophyte generation
d) size of the gametophyte generation
d) size of the gametophyte generation
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
a) all tracheophytes have vascular tissue
b) all bryophytes have vascular tissue
c) all bryophytes have a conspicuous sporophyte generation
d) all tracheophytes reproduce by seeds
a) all tracheophytes have vascular tissue
Which of the following diagrams most correctly represents the events in sexual reproduction?
a) zygote => gamete => organism
b) gamete + gamete => zygote => organism
c) gamete => zygote => organism
d) zygote + zygote => gamete => organism
b) gamete + gamete => zygote => organism
Monocots differ from dicots in:
a) the number of petals
b) the number of cotyledons
c) leaf venation
d) the distribution of vascular tissues
e) all of these
e) all of these
The easiest and surest way of establishing that a leaf is from a monocot is:
a) looking for the presence of vascular tissue
b) examining the pattern of venation
c) looking for secondary growth
d) scraping its upper surface to see if it is waxy
b) examining the pattern of venation
The difference between a seed and spore is:
a) spores are formed by mitosis; seeds by meiosis
b) sporophytes form from spore; gametophytes from seeds
c) spores are monoploid; seeds are diploid
d) only the seed is a reproductive structure
c) spores are monoploid; seeds are diploid
Vascular plants developed special structures to deal with (1) desiccation of the embryo, (2) water absorption, and (3) transport of sugars from sites of photosynthesis. In respective order these structures are the:
a) spore, leaves, and xylem
b) cuticle, root, and stem
c) cuticle, stomata, and phloem
d) seed, root, and phloem
d) seed, root and phloem
In plants well adapted to life on land:
a) fertilization results in a gametophyte generation
b) fertilization does not occur
c) pollination precedes fertilization
d) all of these
c) pollination precedes fertilization
Which of these is arranged in the proper order?
a) seed formation, fertilization, germination, pollination
b) fertilization, pollination, seed formation, germination
c) germination, seed formation, fertilization, pollination
d) pollination, fertilization, seed formation, germination
d) pollination, fertlization, seed formation, germinations
A seed typically:
a) has a cotyledon(s)
b) contains embryo and stored food
c) germinates before it starts to grow
d) all of these are true
d) all of these are true
A fruit is a mature:
a) pistil
b) ovary
c) stigma and style
d) ovule
b) ovary
The part of the embryo that will give rise to roots is the:
a) hypocotyle
b) radicle
c) epicotyle
d) plummule
b) radicle
Food is stored in a bean seed in the:
a) radicle
b) plumule
c) cotyledon
d) testa
c) cotyledon
The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma is called:
a) respiration
b) pollination
c) fertilization
d) conception
b) pollination
A seed leaf present in the seed is called:
a) cotyledon
b) endosperm
c) primary leaf
d) epicotyl
a) cotyledon
Flowering plants have evolved fruits as a means of:
a) dispersing their seeds
b) attracting highly specific pollinators
c) feeding insects that defend the plant
d) protecting the embryo from drying out
a) dispersing the seeds
A seed and a spore differ in that:
a) the spore is formed by a union of egg and sperm
b) the seed is a young sporophytel; the spore is an asexual reproductive cell
c) the spore produces the sporophyte; the seed produces the gametophyte generation
d) only the seed is a reproductive structure
b) the seed is a young sporophyte; the spore is an asexual reproductive cell
In flowering plants, the pollen tubes serve as passageways for:
a) ovules
b) pollen grains
c) egg nuclei
d) sperm nuclei
d) sperm nuclei
The essential parts of a flower are:
a) the pistil and stamen
b) the petals and sepals
c) the petals and stamen
d) the sepals and stamen
e) the sepals and pistil
a) the pistil and stamen
Stomata:
a) have guard cells
b) are located in lower epidermis
c) function in gas exchange
d) are openings
e) all of these
e) all of these
The tissues of a leaf, in order from the upper surface to the lower surface, are:
a) cuticle, stomata, mesophyll, spongy and palisade layer, lower epidermis
b) epidermis, mesophyll layer, cortex layer, epidermis
c) cuticle, epidermis, cambium layer, phloem, xylem, endodermis, cuticle
d) epidermis, palisade layer, spongy layer, lower epidermis
d) epidermis, palisade layer, spongy layer, lower epidermis
What role does transpiration play in water transport?
a) pulls the water
b) pushes the water
c) uses up the wayer
d) no role
a) pulls the water
Water and minerals move upward in roots and stems primarily through the:
a) xylem
b) cortex
c) phloem
d) cambium
a) xylem
Most of the water obtained by a plant enters through the:
a) stomata
b) cambium layer
c) paalisade cells
d) root hairs
d) root hairs
The leaves are covered by an epidermis having a waxy cuticle which:
a) wards off insect attacks
b) helps protect a plant against desiccation
c) hinders the normal uptake of water by leaves
d) none of these are true
b) helps protect a plant against desiccation
A fruit is a mature:
a) stigma and style
b) ovule
c) ovary
d) pistil
c) ovary
Which of the following produces pollen?
a) anther
b) stigma
c) ovary
d) pistil
a) anther
Root hairs are found in what part of the root?
a) the region of division
b) the zone of maturation
c) the zone of elongation
d) the root cap
b) the zone of maturation
Cambium, in a woody plant:
a) adds to the diameter of a tree
b) photosynthesizes
c) added to the height of a trees
d) stores nutrients
a) adds to the diameter of a tree
Which of these gives the correct order of tissues in a longitudinal section of a root?
a) root cap, zone of maturation, zone of elongation, zone of cell division
b) root cap, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of maturation
c) zone of maturation, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, root cap
d) all of these are correct
b) root cap, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of maturation
The algae are put into the various phyla according to:
a) body types
b) locomotion
c) color
d) reproduction
c) color
Algae are not considered to be true plants because they:
a) lack vascular tissues
b) lack flowers
c) reproduce sexually
d) lack roots
a) lack vascular tissues
Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra both contain centres for starch formation and storage. These are the:
a) vacuoles
b) chloroplast
c) eyespot
d) pyrenoid
d) pyrenoid
Algae are most important because they:
a) are a potential food source for man
b) carry on most of the world’s photosynthesis
c) can be used as filters in manufacturing
d) are a source of algin
b) carry on most of the world’s photosynthesis
Spirogyra gets its name from its unusual
a) motion
b) chloroplasts
c) nucleus
d) habitat
b) chloroplasts
Members of the genus VOLVOX:
a) undergo alternation of generations
b) are colonial green algae
c) undergo conjugation
d) are filamentous red algae and undergo conjugation
e) are filamentous red algae
b) are colonial green algae
Liverworts and mosses live in damp places because they require:
a) soft soil for root penetration
b) moisture to allow fertilization
c) extra amounts of water for support
d) high mineral content from leached soil
b) moisture to allow fertilization
In the bryophytes, the zygote develops inside a multicellular structure called the:
a) sporophyte
b) sporangium
c) antheridium
d) archegonium
a) sporophyte
Mosses and liverworts belong to Phylum:
a) Bryophyta
b) Plantae
c) Musci
d) Protista
a) Bryophta
The gametophyte generation:
a) is identical to the sporophyte generation in some algae
b) produces spores that will grow into the sporophyte plant
c) has a double set of chromosomes and dies after meiosis occurs
d) has a single set of chromosomes and produces gametes
d) has a single set of chromosomes and produces gametes
One feature distinguishing tracheophytes from bryophtes is their:
a) terrestrial existence
b) possession of a vascular system
c) possession of chlorophyll
d) life cycle of alternating generations
b) possession of a vascular system
A sporophyte structure in moss is the:
a) antheridium
b) protonema
c) spore
d) capsule
d) capsule
In the moss life cycle, meiosis or reduction division occurs in the formation of:
a) young sporophytes
b) spores
c) gametes
d) protonema
b) spores
A filamentous structure that grows from the spore of a moss is a:
a) stalk
b) prothallus
c) sporangium
d) protonema
d) protonema
Absorption of water in mosses is primarily a function of:
a) stems
b) leaves
c) rhizoids
d) roots
c) rhizoids
The moss gametophyte obtains organic food:
a) from the breakdown of organic matter in the soil
b) by absorbing it through its roots
c) by the process of photosynthesis
d) from stored supplies in the sporophyte
c) by the process of photosynthesis
Mosses are seldom over 20cm tall. The major reason for this is that:
a) gametes from the shoot could not reach the ground
b) their thin leaves would dry in the sun
c) there is not vascular tissue present
d) the protonema cannot anchor a plant any bigger
c) there is no vascular tissue present
The rhizoids of a moss plant are:
a) diploid and part of the gametophyte generation
b) haploid and part of the sporophyte generation
c) haploid and part of the gametophyte generation
d) diploid and part of the sporophyte generation
c) haploid and part of the gametophyte generation
Liquids are transported downward in a plant mainly through the:
a) cambium
b) epidermis
c) phloem
d) xylem
c) phloem
Which of the following characteristics is found among all divisions of vascular plants?
a) reproduction independent of water
b) the seed
c) secondary vascular tissue
d) predominance of the sporophyte generation
d) predominance of the sporophyte generation
The spore case in ferns is called:
a) antheridium
b) sorus
c) sporangium
d) archegonium
b) sorus
Which of the following are seedless vascular plants?
a) mosses
b) conifers
c) angiosperms
d) ferns
d) ferns
The fern gametophyte produces:
a) a protenema
b) both sperm and eggs
c) either sperm or eggs
d) a prothallus
d) a prothallus
The sori of ferns are small clusters of:
a) sporangia
b) antheridia
c) gametes
d) sporophytes
a) sporangia
The gametophyte generation of ferns is:
a) involved in producing male and female gametes
b) nonphotosynthetic
c) resistant to dessication
d) composed of leaflike structures called fronds
a) involved in producing male and female gametes
A tiny heart-shaped structure that grows from a spore of a fern is a:
a) sporophyte
b) prothallus
c) thallus
d) protonema
b) prothallus
