plants

Question 1

what are advantages of plant living on land?

Answer 1

greater availability of light

O2 and CO2 diffuses faster in air vs water

Question 2

Disadvantages of plants living on land

Answer 2

risk of dehydration
Difficult for gametes to meet sexual reproduction

Question 3

What system do the plants use?

Answer 3

Vascular system consists of roots leaves and stems

Question 4

what does the root do?

Answer 4

Penetrate soil to anchor plant and reach water sources

Question 5

what does the root do?

Answer 5

Penetrate soil to anchor plant and reach water sources

Question 6

what do the leaves do?

Answer 6

Provide more surface area for photosynthesis

Question 7

What do the stems do?

Answer 7

Rigid tissues that raise and support leaves so they are exposed to sunlight

Question 8

What is pollen?

Answer 8

waterproof structures that contain male gametes

Carried to female plants by wind, insect pollination, and other animals

Question 9

what do seeds consist of ? and what are they like in bad conditions?

Answer 9

Consist of embryo food, waterproof coat
Remain dormant in bad conditions like drought freezing fire

Question 10

what is the cell structure of plants

Answer 10

multicellular eukaryotes cell walls with cellulose

Question 11

What is the mode of nutrition of plants?

Answer 11

Autotroph’s, photosynthesis

Question 12

can plants locomote and how do they reproduce?

Answer 12

They can’t locomote
Reproduces asexually or sexually

Question 13

explain non vascular plants vascular tissues
how they transport nutrients
how do they grow
why is water needed

Answer 13

Absence of or poorly developed vascular
tissues for transporting nutrients

• Transport of nutrients through diffusion or osmosis

• Grow close to ground to get water and
nutrients

• Water needed for gametes to meet

Question 14

explain seedless vascular plants
how do they reproduces
and how do they increase

Answer 14

Presence of vascular tissues like stems,
roots and leaves for transporting

• Reproduce via spores, which needs water for gametes to meet

• Vascular tissues allow plants to
increase size

Question 15

explain seed bearing vascular plants
and how do they reproduce

Answer 15

Have vascular tissues for transporting nutrients

• Reproduce via seeds, which allows plants to reproduce sexually without water for gametes to meet

Question 16

explain gymnosperms

Answer 16

– Non-flowering
– Less abundant
– Produce seeds in cones
“Naked seed” – not surrounded by fruit
– E.g. Conifers, cycads

Question 17

explain angiosperms

Answer 17

– Flowering
– More abundant
– Produce seeds in flowers
– Seeds have a case or pod (fruit)

Question 18

how many specialized structures can seeds of angiosperms have and what. are they called

Answer 18

1 or 2 specialized structures called COTYLEDONS

Question 19

what do cotyledons do

Answer 19

in the seed and supply nutrients to plant embryo

Question 20

what is a monocots

Answer 20

one cotyledon
one seed leaf
ex grasses , banana, palms

Question 21

what is a dicot

Answer 21

two cotyledons
two seed leaves
ex lettuce, tomatoes

Question 22

how do monocots look

Answer 22

one cotyledons

fibrous roots

parallel Viens in leaves

flower parts in multiple of 3

vascular seeds are scattered

Question 23

how do dicots look

Answer 23

two cotyledons
tap roots
net like viens in leaves
flowers in 4 or 5s
vascular seeds in a ring

Question 24

angiosperm reproductions steps

Answer 24

• Animal or wind passes pollen to stigma

Pollen grains compete to grow pollen tubes in ovules in ovary

• Fertilization occurs

• Zygote forms and develops into embryo

• Case covers embryo + food to form seed

• Fruit = mature ovary

• Animals eat fruit and disperse seeds everywhere

Question 25

What are polypoid angiosperms?

Answer 25

meaning they have two or more chromosome sets(2n)

Question 26

what are sterile plants and how do they reproduce

Answer 26

plans with 3, 4 or more chromosome sets are sterile and reproduce asexually

Question 27

what does sterility caused by polyploids produce

Answer 27

seedless grapes and watermelon

Question 28

what are the five basic needs of a plant

Answer 28

Make energy (photosynthesis) to make carbohydrates

need water and other nutrients (roots)

A method of gas exchange to get CO2 in and O2 out

Protection (toxins, protective structures dehydration)

Reproduction (sexual/asexual)

Question 29

What is the above system and underground system called for vascular plants?

Answer 29

underground; root system
Above ground; shoot system

Question 30

what are the three main non-reproductive organs in plants and what are they made up of?

Answer 30

Leaves stems roots
Made up of dermal, vascular, and ground tissue

Question 31

What is dermal tissue and function?

Answer 31

thick outer layer of cell wall
Covered in waxy cuticle

FUNCTION
PROTECTION

Question 32

What is the vascular tissue made up of and function?

Answer 32

comprised of xylem and phloem

FUNCTION
Transports water and nutrients
Support plant body

Question 33

What are the ground tissue made up of and function? And what does it store?

Answer 33

made up of parenchyma, callenchyma, and sclerenchyma
FUNCTION
Growth and development
Stores carbohydrates
Supports plant body

Question 34

what are meristematic tissues made up of, where they found,and what are they developed into?

Answer 34

-made up of undifferentiated cells

-Found in areas where plant growth takes place

-Develop into specialized cells and tissues