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Plants Flashcards

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APÂŽ Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define monera

A

Single celled organism
Nucleus nkt well defined
They are found everywhere
Eg- bacteria

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2
Q

Define bacteria

A

They are unicellular with a cell wall.

The cell wall is sorrounded by a gelatinous and protienaceous cupsule

Reserve food is glycogen

Sometimes they have a falgellum for locomotion

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3
Q

Uses of bacteria

(6 POINTS)

A

> Some bacteria like lactobacillus used to make curds from milk. prepare cheese.

> > Certain bacteria such as bacillus are used to prepare antibiotics like bacitracin and polymyxin.

> Bacteria are also used to make probiotics which help in digestion.

> Bacteria help in breakdown of dead organism to recycle it back in the soil.

> Bacteria in recent times have been used to produce biofuels and in genetic engineering of plants.

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4
Q

Harmful bacteria us known as ______

A

Pathogens

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5
Q

Pathogen: _______ disease : chlorea

A

Vibrio cholerae

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6
Q

Pathogen: _______ disease : typhoid

A

Salmonella typhoid

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7
Q

Pathogen: _______ disease : tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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8
Q

Pathogen: _______ disease : pneumonia

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

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9
Q

Define protista

A

They are singled celled organisms with a well defined nucleus ie, eukaryotic

They are mainly found in water

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10
Q

Give examples if protesta

(APE)

A

Amoeba , paramecium, euglena ,

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11
Q

Organisms from the protista use ______ ______ _______ for locomotion

(PCF)

A

Pseudopodia , flagella , cilia

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12
Q

Describe amoeba

A

Irregular

Outer covering of the body is cell membrane

Organ of locomotion: pseudopodium

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13
Q

How does amoeba respire

A

They respire by defusion of oxygen into the cell and carbon dioxide outside the cell throught the cell membrane

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14
Q

How does amoeba excrete

A

cretion: Ammonia is the main waste product formed in the body of an amoeba.

Excess water is stored in contractile vacuole.

Ammonia is eliminated from the body by the simple process of diffusion.

Sometimes ammonia is also expelled along with water from the contractile vacuole.

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15
Q
A

moeba reproduces by binary fission (splitting into two and under unfavourable conditions amoeba reproduces by multiple fission.

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16
Q

Define kindom fungi

(4 POINTS)

A

They are multicellular organisms without chloroplast

They are green and heterotrophs

They get their nutrition from dead decaying matter hence called as saprophytes

Eg mushroom , yeast , mould , mucor , rizopus

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17
Q

Where does bread mole grow

A

• Bread mould grows on stale damp bread.

18
Q

Bread mould (fungus) is also known as ________

A

Rhizopus.

19
Q

(CLW)

What does rizopus do

A

> It absorbs nutrition from damp organic matter like cloth, wood, leather etc.

20
Q

What is hyphae

A

> It grows like a cottony mass consisting of thread like structure called hyphae.

21
Q

The ntwrok if hyphae is called _____

A

Mycelium

22
Q

Where does hyphae grow

A

> The hyphae grow above the surface and into the organic matter.

23
Q

What is sporangiophor

A

> Hyphae that grow upwards are called sporangiophore

> they have a bag like structure sporangium at its tip which contain spores.

> When the sporangium burst it liberates spores which germinate into new hyphae.

24
Q

Respiration in the bread mould is mainly _____

A

Aerobic

25
Q

> Moulds are seen growing on the top layer of the bread, and not in the lower layer. Give reason.

A

Ans: The moulds respire aerobically that is in the presence of oxygen. Hence, moulds are seen growing….

26
Q

Describe the type of nutrition mould gets

A

> Nutrition: Saprophytic mode of nutrition. They obtain their nourishment from dead and decaying organic matter.

27
Q

State the uses if yeast

A

Yeast is a common fungus used in the baking industry to make bread, pizza base, ferment wine

  • Some species of fungi are used in the ripening of cheese.

+ Pennicillin an important antibiotic is obtained from a fungus called Pencillium notatum.

Fungi also act as decomposeds

Yeast also provides vitamin B

28
Q

Describe what harmful fungi can do

A
  • Some moulds are responsible for the spoilage of food, leather goods and textile.
  • Fungi cause serious skin and lung infection in human beings. Example Athlete’s foot, ringworm.
29
Q

Describe kingdom plantae

A

> It is the second largest kingdom of organisms after the animal kingdom.

> They are multicellular and eukaryotic.

> They are characterized by the presence of a green pigment called chlorophy.

> Plants are autotrophs.

> The plant kingdom can be further be divided into algae, mosses, fern and flowering plants.

30
Q

Describe algae

A

ALGAE:
• Algae are aquatic in habitat.
• These may be unicellular or multicellular.
• They are usually green, having chlorophyll (eg: spirogya)

31
Q

Describe mossed

A

MOSSES:
• Mosses grow as green, velvety layers in moist on damp walls.
• These plants have stems and leaves, but no re rhizoids.
• They are also called ‘amphibians of the plant group as they need water to reproduce

32
Q

What are gymnosperms

A
  • The group of plants that bear seeds but no fruits are called gymnosperms.
    % Their seeds are thin and naked, not enclosed in fruits.
  • Examples: Pine, fir, cedar.
33
Q

What are angiosperm’s

A
  • Their seeds are enclosed in a fruit.
  • They are characterised by the presence of “seed-leaves” or cotyledons that store food and form the bulk of the seed.
34
Q

What is monocotyledons

A

a. Monocotyledons: Plants containing only one cotyledon or one seed leaf in their seeds, Examples: rice, grass, maize, etc.

35
Q

What js dicotyledons

A

b. Dicotyledons: Plants containing two cotyledons or two seed leaves in their seeds.
Examples: rose, balsam, mango, pea, brinjal. Sunflower, etc.

36
Q

Angiosperms can be divided
Into ____ categories ______ and ______

A

Two Monocotyledons and dicotyledons

37
Q

_____is the main waste product formed in the body of an amoeba.

A

Ammonia

38
Q

During excretion, ________ is eliminated from the body by the simple process of ________.

A

Ammonia diffusion.

39
Q

what is meant by classification

A

classification is an act of putting organisms into various groups based on their similarities and differences in their characteristics

40
Q

the hyphae that grows withing the organic matter is called ______

A

rhizoids

41
Q

sometimes ammonia is also expelled along with water from the ___________.

A

contractile vacuole

Biology (9 decks)

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