Plants

Question 1

Flower

Answer 1

Flower is for reproduction
It makes seeds
It contains male and female sex organs

Question 2

Leaf

Answer 2

• Makes food for the plant (photosynthesis)
• Cools the plant when water vapour passes
through it
• Allows the exchange of carbon dioxide
and oxygen
• Leaf stores food (e.g. lettuce, cabbage,
cress, spinach)

Question 3

Fruit

Answer 3

Protects seeds
Provides food for seeds

Question 4

The Bud

Answer 4

Allows new leaves and flowers to grow

Question 5

Stem

Answer 5

• The stem allows the
transport of food,
water and minerals
around the plant
• It also supports the
plant and holds it
upright
• Stems store food (e.g.
potato)

Question 6

Roots

Answer 6

Anchor and support
Take in water and nutrients
Store food (e.g. carrots and turnips)

Question 7

Xylem

Answer 7

Water is absorbed up through the roots, and travels to the leaves and the tips of the plant through the xylem.

Question 8

Phloem

Answer 8

Food from the leaves travels to other parts of the plant in the phloem.

Question 9

Transpiration

Answer 9

Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from the stomata of the leaves.

Question 10

Stomata

Answer 10

The stomata are little holes on the underside of the leaves.

Question 11

Transpiration Stream

Answer 11

The flow of water from the roots, up through the plant, and out the leaves is called the transpiration stream.

Question 12

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 12

> The flower is the sexual reproduction organ of the plant.
Male sex cells are called pollen and the female sex cells are called the egg.
Pollen and egg cells fuse to make seeds.
Seeds grow into plants.

Question 13

Sepal

Answer 13

Protects the flower before it blooms.

Question 14

Petals

Answer 14

Coloured and scented to attract insects,

Question 15

Male parts

Answer 15

Stamen made up of filament and anther

Question 16

Filament

Answer 16

Holds up anther

Question 17

Anther

Answer 17

Makes pollen

Question 18

Female parts

Answer 18

Carpel, made up of the stigma, style and ovary

Question 19

Ovary

Answer 19

Makes the egg or ovule (gamete)

Question 20

Stigma

Answer 20

Pollen lands and sticks to it

Question 21

Style

Answer 21

Makes a tube for the pollen (male gamete) to travel down to the egg (female gamete).

Question 22

Pollination

Answer 22

> Pollination is the transfer of the pollen from the stamen (anther) of one plant to the carpel (stigma) of another.
There are 2 types:
Insect pollination
Wind pollination

Question 23

5 Stages of Sexual Reproduction

Answer 23

1. Pollination
2. Fertilisation
3. Seed and fruit formation
4. Seed dispersal
5. Germination

Question 24

Fertilisation

Answer 24

> Fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete nucleus with the female gamete nucleus to form a zygote.
When the pollen lands on the stigma, a pollen tube grows down through the style.
The male and female nucleus fuse they form the zygote.
The zygote grows into the seed.

Question 25

Seed

Answer 25

The zygote grows into the seed

Question 26

Fruit

Answer 26

The ovary swells to become the fruit

Question 27

Functions of the fruit

Answer 27

> Fruit protects the seed or seeds
Fruit allows the seeds to be carried away from the plants
Some fruits provide food for the seed to develop

Question 28

Seed dispersal

Answer 28

> Seed dispersal is the way plants spread their seeds around
Seeds need to be carried away from the parent plant so they won’t compete for space, light, water and minerals

Question 29

Four types of seed dispersal

Answer 29

1) Animal dispersal
2) Wind dispersal
3) Self dispersal
4) Water dispersal

Question 30

Animal dispersal

Answer 30

> Animal dispersal happens when fleshy fruits are eaten by animals or birds.
The seeds pass unharmed through the animal and come out in faeces somewhere else!

Question 31

Wind dispersal

Answer 31

Dandelions, sycamores

Question 32

Self dispersal

Answer 32

> Some plants explode to release their seeds
Example: pea pods

Question 33

Water dispersal

Answer 33

> When plants produce seeds to float away
E.g. water lilies

Question 34

Germination

Answer 34

> Germination is the growth of seeds into a new plant.
In order to germinate, seeds need water, oxygen and heat to germinate.

Question 35

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 35

> Asexual reproduction involves only one parent; geraniums can grow from cuttings; tulips and daffodils make bulbs; strawberry plants and buttercups use runners.
Asexual reproduction results in an exact copy of the parent plant, or a clone.

Question 36

Photosynthesis

Answer 36

Photosynthesis is the process where green plants make food using light energy

Question 37

Why are leaves/and plants green???

Answer 37

> Because they contain chlorophyll which is a green chemical needed for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll is found in chloroplasts in plants cells.

Question 38

Photosynthesis:

Answer 38

Carbon dioxide + water in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight is oxygen + glucose

Question 39

Plants lose their leaves in winter

Answer 39

Less sunlight, cooler temperatures

Question 40

How are leaves designed for photosynthesis?

Answer 40

> They are flat and thin.
Stomata (little holes on the underside of the leaves).

Question 41

Where do plants get carbon dioxide from?

Answer 41

Carbon dioxide comes from the atmosphere.

Question 42

Where do plants get water from?

Answer 42

Water comes in through the roots from the soil

Question 43

What do the plants do with glucose?

Answer 43

They either use it for growth and repair or they store it as starch, so we can eat it.