Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Human Reproduction & Genetics > Flashcards

Human Reproduction & Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

Ovaries

A

Ovaries store and release eggs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

The fallopian tubes carry the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Uterus (womb)

A

The uterus (womb) is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cervix

A

The cervix leads from the vagina to the uterus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vagina

A

The vagina holds the male penis during sexual intercourse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ovulation

A

Ovulation is when an egg is released from the ovary on an average of every 28 days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The egg is released:

A

The egg is released on day 13-15 of the menstrual cycle and it passes along the fallopian tubes to the uterus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Menstruation/Period

A

The lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina (day 1-5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fertile period

A

These are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Menopause

A

Menopause signals the end of a female’s ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstrual cycle. It happens at different ages for different people, typically in the late 40’s to early 50’s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Testes

A

The testes produce sperm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Scrotum

A

The scrotum is where the testes are, it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epididymis

A

The epididymis is a coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vas deferens

A

The vas deferens (sperm duct) brings the sperm from the testes to the penis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland and Cowper’s gland

A

The seminal vesicles, prostate gland and Cowper’s gland produce seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen, it nourishes the sperm and allows them to swim.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Penis

A

The penis enters the female and ejaculates semen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Puberty

A

Puberty describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature (reproductive organs develop). It normally happens between the ages 10 and 16.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Male puberty

A

In males, sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Female puberty

A

In females when the sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop, hips widen, and hair begins to grow on the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

During intercourse the man’s

A

During intercourse the man’s penis fills with blood and becomes hard enough to be placed inside the woman’s vagina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Semen

A

A mixture of sperm cells and seminal fluid is released into the vagina during intercourse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The sperm swim

A

The sperm swim up the uterus and into the fallopian tubes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Fertilisation

A

If an egg is present in the fallopian tube, and a couple have sexual intercourse, then one of the sperm cells may fuse with it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fertilised egg

A

The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse together. The woman is now pregnant.

25
Q

Zygote —> Embryo —> Foetus

A

-Zygote: Cell division occurs and growth.

-Embryo: which attaches to the lining of the uterus (implantation) grows more, and after 8 weeks it will look like a human.

-Foetus

26
Q

Implantation

A

When the embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus, the uterus lining does not break down so menstruation stops during pregnancy.

27
Q

Length of pregnancy

A

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks.

28
Q

Amniotic fluid

A

As the embryo develops in the uterus, it is protected inside a bag of fluid. This fluid provides a cushion for the embryo.

29
Q

Umbilical cord

A

A tube joining the embryo to the placenta.

30
Q

Placenta

A

-The placenta is rich in blood vessels
-It is here at the placenta that food and oxygen from the mother’s blood pass into the baby’s blood
-Also wastes such as carbon dioxide pass from the baby’s blood into the mother’s

31
Q

Labour

A

The birth of a baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract.

32
Q

Lactation

A

The production of breast milk.

33
Q

Colostrum

A

The first three days of milk – very nutritious, and helps protect the baby from infection.

34
Q

Family planning

A

To control the number of children you have, you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place.

35
Q

Natural methods of contraception

A

Natural methods of contraception aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period.

36
Q

Artificial methods of contraception

A

prevent the sperm and egg meeting.

37
Q

Condom

A

prevents sperm entering the vagina.

38
Q

contraceptive pill

A

which prevents ovulation

39
Q

reliability of contraception

A

It is important to realise no method is 100% reliable.

40
Q

Genetics

A

Genetics is the study of the inheritance of characteristics.

41
Q

Inheritable characteristics

A

Many physical characteristics such as eye color and shape of ears were inherited from your parents.

42
Q

Chromosomes & Genes

A

Chromosomes: The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread-like structures called chromosomes.

43
Q

Chromosomes are made of

A

Chromosomes are made of protein + DNA. These chromosomes carry genes.

44
Q

Genes

A

Genes are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children.

45
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

46
Q

46 chromosomes

A

When an egg and sperm cell fuse (each has 23 chromosomes) they give the individual they are creating 46 chromosomes.

47
Q

Homozygous

A

having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes.

48
Q

Heterozygous

A

having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.

49
Q

Dominant

A

Dominant refers to the relationship between two versions of a gene.

50
Q

Recessive

A

Recessive inheritance means both genes in a pair must be abnormal to cause disease.

51
Q

Biodiversity

A

There are many different types of living things.

52
Q

Fossils

A

The remains of very ancient living things.

53
Q

Extinct

A

Some living things disappear.

54
Q

Natural selection

A

How the variety of living things may have arisen, the most widely accepted explanation based on evidence is the theory of evolution by natural selection.

55
Q

Species

A

A group of living things that can reproduce together to produce offspring which themselves can reproduce.

56
Q

Mutation

A

A change in a gene.

57
Q

Evolution

A

The process by which different kinds of living things develop from earlier forms by genetic changes over long periods of time.

58
Q

Adaptation

A

A characteristic that helps an organism to survive and reproduce.

Science (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions