Plantae Flashcards
What are the four main groups in the plant kingdom
Non-vascular, seedless vascular plants, gymnosperms and angiosperms
What are the two main divisions of the plant kingdom
Vascular and non vascular
What are the three divisions of non vascular plants
Bryophites (mosses), anthocerophytes (hornworts), and hepatophytes (liverworts)
2 common characteristics of all no vascular plants
They are all dependent on diffusion and osmosis for transportation of nutrients as they do not have roots, and they contain root like structures called rhizoids
Mosses (scientific name, main group, division and distinguishing characteristics)
Bryophytes, non-vascular, non-vascular;
Most water is absorbed directly through their surface. They thrive in habitats such as tundra and bare exposed rocks
Liverworts (scientific name, main group, division and distinguishing characteristics)
Anthocerophytes, non vascular, non vascular;
Liverworts grow flat and close to the ground and rarely more than 30 cells thick
Have many small chloroplasts per cell
Thallose and leafy (divisions and distinguishing characteristics)
Non-vascular, non vascular, liverwort( or anthocerophytes);
Thallose: Flat, resemble flattened lobed bodies
Leafy: most abundant in tropical forests, similar to moss)
Hornworts (scientific name, main group, division and distinguishing characteristics)
Hepatophytes, Non-v, non-v;
Flat, usually less than 2 cm in diameter and have a blue green colour. Mature plant has what looks like miniature green cattle horns
Whisk ferns (main group, division and distinguishing characteristics)
Vascular, seedless vascular plants;
Do not have leaves or roots
grow to about 30 cm height from rhizomes (horizontal underground stems)
Club mosses (v or non-v, division, distinguishing characteristics)
V, seedless vascular;
Mostly small evergreen plants that grow In sense mats on moist temperature and tropical forest floors
They have true stems and roots
Each narrow leaf has a single un-branched vein of vascular tissue along its center.
Horsetails (v or non-v, division, distinguishing characteristics)
Vascular, seedless vascular;
Often found in damp areas along roadsides
Grow to about a meter in height
Named horsetails because of their rough texture that can be used for scrubbing pots or polishing wood
Ferns ( v or non-v, division, distinguishing characteristics)
Vascular, seedless,
Have roots and vascular tissue along a waxy thickened out epidermis that reduces water loss by evaporation
Small openings called stomata allow gases to enter and leave for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
In do gymnosperms reproduce sexually or asexually?
Sexually
What form do the seeds of gymnosperms take? How are the seeds formed
Pinecones:
-cones are large woody strabili
-
Gymnosperms (divisions and distinguishing characteristics)
- can reproduce sexually without needing water
- can grow in harsh environments
- as seeds, plants can survive without water for many years
