plant transport systems Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the function of the cuticle?

A

waterproof layer that reduces water loss from the leaf

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2
Q

what is the function of the upper epidermis?

A

protects the leaf and allows light to pass through to the layer below

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3
Q

what is the function of the palisade mesophyll cells?

A

absorbs light for photosynthesis

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4
Q

what is the function of the spongy mesophyll cells?

A

absorbs light for photosynthesis

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5
Q

what is the function of the xylem?

A

transports water and minerals from the soil to the leaf for photosynthesis

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6
Q

what is the function of the phloem?

A

transports sugar from photosynthesising cells to the rest of the plant

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7
Q

what is the function of the air spaces?

A

allows the diffusion of gases within the leaf

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8
Q

what is the function of the stoma?

A

allows the carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and oxygen to exit the leaf

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9
Q

what is the function of the guard cells?

A

controls gas exchange between the leaf and the air outside the leaf

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10
Q

what is the process by which water moves up the plant and is lost by evaporation from stomata in plant leaves called?

A

transpiration

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11
Q

how is the rate of transpiration controlled?

A

the stomata open in the light and close in the dark

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12
Q

which 4 factors can increase transpiration?

A

wind speed
temperature
humidity
leaf surface area

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13
Q

how is the rate of transpiration measured?

A

using a potometer

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14
Q

how is the xylem adapted to transport water and minerals salts from the soil through the plant?

A

are lignified (have spirals or rings of lignin) to withstand the pressure changes as water moves through the plant.

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15
Q

how is the phloem adapted to transport sugar up and down the plant ?

A

Have sieve plates and associated companion cells

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16
Q

what are the three plant organs?

A

roots, stems and leaves