plant test Flashcards
what are the 2 types of plants
vascular and non vascular
what is the difference between non vascular and vascular plants
vascular have vascular tissue
non vascular don’t have vascular tissue
what is vascular tissue
specialized tissues for the transport of water, nutrients and products of photosynthesis
example of non vascular plants
algae, bryophytes (mosses,hornworts)
example of vascular plants
ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
what are the 3 different types of algae phyla
chlorophyla, rhodophyla, phaeophyla
characteristics of algae
- always found in aquatic or moist environments
- don’t have true leaves and stems called blades and stripes
- life cycle follows alternation of generations
what is the alternation of generations
found in all plants where for part of the life cycle the plant is haploid and other part is diploid
explain alternation of generations
the gametophyle produces two gametes which fusion together into a zygote the zygote goes into mitosis into a sporephyte the sporophyte goes into meiosis and produces spores
describe rhodophyla
-red colour
-mostly found in ocean environments
most are multicellular
stores food in form of starch
describe chlorophyla
- green colour
- unicellular, multicellular or colonial
- found in freshwater
- store food in starch form
describe phaeophyla
- brown colour
- store food in starches and oil form
- found in marine environments temperate and artic areas
characteristics of ferns
- has feathery/leafy frounds
- gametophyte much smaller and separate from sporophyte in alternation of gen
characteristics of mosses
- clumped habit
- gametophyte and sporophyte is attached in alternation of gene
what are gymnosperms
all bear cones, with naked seeds
what are the 4 divisions of gymnosperms
conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, gnetophytes
describe conifers
- in cooler regions and in desert habitats
- leaf curl to reduce water loss
- cone bearing seed plant with needles like leaves
example of conifers
spruce trees, pine trees, junipers
describe cycads
seed plants have stout and woody trunks
describe ginkgoes
-fan like leaves
yellow flowers
-Chinese plant
describe gnetophytes
cones
angiosperms like leaves
what are angiosperms
they have flowers and bear fruit
what are the 2 classes of angiosperms
monocots and dicots
describe monocots
- single cotyledon
- flower parts in multiples of 3
- leaves with parallel lines
- die off each year
- vascular bundles scattered randomly in stems
example of monocots
lilies, corn, bananas
describe dicots
-two cotyledons
-flowers parts in multiples of 4 or 5
- leaves with net like veins
- stems grow thicker year to year
vascular bundles in a ring in stems
what is the female part in flower called
pistil
what are the female parts
stingma, style, pollen tube, ovary, ovule, eggs
what is the male part in a flower called
stamen
what are the male parts
anther, filament
what is xylem and phloem
xylem distributes water and dissolved minerals upward through the plant
The phloem carries food downward from the leaves to the roots
what is algae
aquatic plant that contain chlorophyll but lacks true stems,roots, leaves and vascular tissue
what is a bryophyte
small flower less green plant like mosses or liverworts
archegonium
female reproductive organ in ferns and mosses
what is the male reproductive organ in ferns and mosses
anteridium
