Plant Science Flashcards
Roots that branch off from the primary roots.
Secondary roots
Functions of the stem.
Support, transport, photosynthesis, store food
A plants health is directly related to its…
Roots
This structure protects the root as it grows through the soil.
Root cap
Location on the stem where the leaf and bud attach.
Node
Where do roots store food?
Cortex
What is cross-pollination?
When pollen from one plant fertilizes a separate plant.
Is the pistil a male or female flower structure?
Female
True or false: roots grow continuously.
True
This is where new plant cells develop within the root.
Apical meristem
What is the purpose of root hairs?
Increase surface area so that more water can be absorbed.
Horizontal, UNDERGROUND stem.
Rhizome
Horizontal, ABOVE GROUND stem.
Stolon
An onion is an example if what type of specialized stem?
Bulb
3 products of photosynthesis.
Oxygen, water, glucose
3 Functions of roots.
Absorb water/nutrients, anchor plant, store food
Water is absorbed by roots through what process?
Osmosis
A carrot is an example of what type of root system?
Taproot
What three parts make up the pistil?
Stigma, style, ovary
What two parts make up the stamen?
Anther and filament
What parts make up a perfect flower?
Pistil and stamen
What is fertilization?
When sperm (pollen) and egg unite.
What is pollination?
When pollen attaches to stigma.
Purpose of lenticels?
Gas exchange
Color of healthy roots
White
Purpose of stomata
Gas exchange
This root section contains xylem and phloem.
Vascular cylinder
Distance between two nodes.
Internode
What parts make up a complete flower?
Pistil, stamen, sepals, petals
Function of phloem?
Carry food down
Which region of the roots is where cells divide?
Region of cell division
Monocots or dicot: vascular tissue arranged in rings.
Dicot
Region of the roots where cells grow longer and wider.
Region of elongation
Purpose of bud scale
Protect bud in harsh weather.
When a leaf or bud falls off, what is left behind?
Bud scale scar
Function of xylem.
Transport water and nutrients up to leaves to be used in photosynthesis.
When a seed germinates, the first structure to appear is tend root or…
Radicle
Surface of the root is protected by skin cells called…
Epidemis
What tissue is responsible for the production of xylem and phloem?
Cambium
Area within roots that is only one cell layer thick and controls movement of substances in and out if xylem and phloem.
Endodermis
Structure that opens and closes stomata.
Guard cells
Three things needed to perform photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight
Common name for glucose.
Sugar
Monocot or dicot: parallel leaf veins.
Monocot
Waxy layer that protects leaf from drying out.
Cuticle
C6H12O6
Glucose
Potato is an example of what type of specialized stem?
Tuber
When the primary and secondary roots are similar in size, this is what type of root system?
Fibrous
Five types of specialized stems.
Bulb, corm, rhizome, stolon, tuber
In what direction do xylem and phloem conduct materials?
Xylem up, phloem down.
Monocot or dicot: taproot system.
Dicot
Region of the root where cells differentiate and specialize.
Region of maturation
Function of leaf.
Photosynthesis
Define respiration.
Process in which plant uses energy
