Plant reproductive systems Flashcards
Where are the female and male gametes and where are they produced in plants
Pollen grains are the male gametes and they are produced in the anthers. Ovules are the female gametes produced in the ovary.
Stigma
collects pollen grains
Anther
produces pollen grains
Stamen
the male part of the flower consisting of the anther and filament
Carpel
is the female part of the flower consisting of the style, stigma and ovary
The style
connects the stigma to the ovary
Ovary
produces ovules
The ovule
the female gamete
Pollen
the male gamete
Filament
supports the anther
5 steps of the pollination process
The pollen lands on the sticky stigma
A pollen tube grows down the style
The sperm nuclei and female ovules fuse
The fertilised ovules develop into a seed
The ovary surrounding the ovules develop into a fruit
self-pollination
Self-pollination is when pollen from a flower transfers to the stigma of the same plant.
cross-pollination
Cross-pollination is when pollen from a flower lands on teh stigma of another flower.
Advantage and disadvantage of self pollination
Advantage:
Doesn’t need to spend energy on attracting insects
doesn’t waste pollen grains
Disadvantages:
No variation in offspring, only uniform species
Advantage and disadvantage of cross pollination
Advantage of cross-pollination: Variation in species Disadvantages: Wastes pollen grains.
requires energy to attract insects
