Plant Reproduction & Seed Germination

Question 1

Factors for germination

Answer 1

Water, oxygen, proper temperature

Question 2

Petals (pollination)

Answer 2

Insect: Large & bright to attract insects
Wind: Small & dull (green/brown)

Question 3

Nectar (pollination)

Answer 3

Insect: Scented with nectar to attract insects
Wind: No scent/nectar as no need to attract insects

Question 4

Pollen grains (pollination)

Answer 4

Insect: Sticky, large, heavier & in moderate amounts
Wind: Small, smooth & lightweight so can be easily carried in the wind & in large amounts to make sure some reach other flowers

Question 5

Anthers (pollination)

Answer 5

Insect: Inside flower & stiff so that insects can brush past
Wind: Outside flower, loose on long filaments so pollen can be released easily

Question 6

Stigma (pollination)

Answer 6

Insect: Inside flower, sticky so polled grains attach to it when an insect brushes past
Wind: Outside flower, feathered so forms network to catch pollen grains drifting in the wind

Question 7

Pollination

Answer 7

The transfer of pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma for fertilization

Question 8

Ovule

Answer 8

Contains the female sex cells (found inside ovary)

Question 9

Stamen

Answer 9

Male part of the flower, consisting of filament & anther

Question 10

Anther

Answer 10

Produces & releases the male sex cell (pollen grain)

Question 11

Style

Answer 11

Connects the stigma to the ovary

Question 12

Germination

Answer 12

The process in which a seed begins to develop into a new young plant

Question 13

Filament

Answer 13

Positions anther to release male sex cells (pollen grains)

Question 14

Carpel

Answer 14

Female part of the flower, consisting of stigma, style, & ovary which contains the ovule

Question 15

Sepal

Answer 15

Protects unopened flower

Question 16

Stigma

Answer 16

Top of the female part of the flower which collects pollen grains

Question 17

Ovary

Answer 17

Produces the female sex cell

Question 18

Nectary

Answer 18

Produces a sugary solution called nectar to attract insects

Question 19

Plant Reproduction (step by step)

Answer 19

• Pollen grains land on stigma
• Pollen tube grows out of the pollen grain & down the style into the ovary & then to the ovule
• Male nucleus travels down the pollen tube from pollen grain & enters ovule through micropyle
• Haploid male nucleus and haploid female nucleus fuse forming a zygote
• Ovule becomes seed, ovule wall becomes seed coat & the ovary becomes fruit

Question 20

Ovary after fertilisation

Answer 20

Develops into fruit

Question 21

Ovule after fertilisation

Answer 21

Develops into seed

Question 22

Ovule wall after fertilisation

Answer 22

Develops into seed coat/testa

Question 23

Seed coat

Answer 23

Tough protective outer covering

Question 24

Embryo

Answer 24

Surrounded by cotyledons which store food for seedling & provide energy until it is able to photosynthesise

Question 25

Emrbyo parts

Answer 25

Radice (root), plumule (shoot), 1 or 2 cotyledons (seed leaves)