Plant Reproduction

Question 1

Define angiosperm

Answer 1

A plant with flowers

Question 2

Define hermaphrodites

Answer 2

Plants with both female and male reproductive parts

Question 3

Name the stamen parts of a plant

Answer 3

Anther and filament

Question 4

Name the carpel parts of a plant

Answer 4

Stigma, style, ovary, ovule, nectary (?)

Question 5

State the function of the anther

Answer 5

Contains structures called pollen sacs. Site of pollen production

Question 6

State the function of the filament

Answer 6

Holds the anther up. Contains xylem and phloem

Question 7

State the function of the stigma

Answer 7

Receives pollen: sticky and flat

Question 8

State the function of the style

Answer 8

Holds stigma up to receive pollen

Question 9

State the function of the ovary (plant)

Answer 9

Swelling at the base of carpel. Contains ovules

Question 10

State the function of the ovules

Answer 10

Site of embryo sac and egg development

Question 11

State the function of the nectary

Answer 11

Contains nector to attract insects. Insect pollinated plants only

Question 12

State the function of the corolla

Answer 12

Ring of petals. Insect pollinated plants only

Question 13

State the function of the sepal

Answer 13

Green, leaf-like structure that encloses the flower in a bud. Insect pollinated plants only

Question 14

State the function of the calyx

Answer 14

Collection/ring of sepals. Insect pollinated plants only

Question 15

State the function of the petals

Answer 15

Colourful and large to attract insects. Insect pollinated plants only

Question 16

State the function of the receptacle

Answer 16

Where flower parts arise

Question 17

State the function of the peduncle

Answer 17

Plant stalk

Question 18

State the function of the bract

Answer 18

Sepal equivalent for wind pollinated plants only

Question 19

Define pollination

Answer 19

The transfer of pollen from an anther to a mature stigma of a plant of the same species

Question 20

Define self-pollination

Answer 20

The transfer of pollen from the anthers of a flower to the mature stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant

Question 21

Define cross-pollination

Answer 21

The transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the mature stigma of another flower on another plant of the same species

Question 22

Name the parts of the anther

Answer 22

Epidermis, fibrous layer, pollen sac, tapetum, pollen mother cells (2n), lateral groove, stomium, filament contain xylem and phloem

Question 23

Define dehiscence

Answer 23

Drying out and splliting open

Question 24

Describe the function of pollen sacs

Answer 24

Site of gametogenesis

Question 25

Describe the function of the tapetum

Answer 25

Provides nutrients and regulatory molecules for pollen grains and secretes cell wall around pollen grain (allowing pollen grains to resist desiccation)

Question 26

Define the stomium

Answer 26

Forms when the walls of the anther are pulled apart at the lateral groove. Allows pollen to be released

Question 27

Define a tissue plan

Answer 27

See individual layers not individual cells

Question 28

Describe the function of the nucellus

Answer 28

Provide nutrients for developing gametes

Question 29

List the parts of the ovule

Answer 29

Funicle, integuments, embryo sac, micropyle, nucellus

Question 30

Describe the function of the embryo sac

Answer 30

Site of gametogenesis and fertilisation

Question 31

Describe the function of the micropyle

Answer 31

Gap in integuments for the entry of the pollen tube into the embryo sac

Question 32

Describe the function of the funicle

Answer 32

Attaches the ovule to the ovary wall

Question 33

Define double fertilisation

Answer 33

Involves two male gametes in two separate fertilisation event: 1) fertilisation of female gamete to form a diploid zygote 2) fertilisation of the polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm nucleus

Question 34

What does the ovule become after fertilisation?

Answer 34

Seed

Question 35

What do the integuments become after fertilisation

Answer 35

Testa (seed coat)

Question 36

What does the micropyle become after fertilisation

Answer 36

Pore in testa

Question 37

What does the ovary wall become after fertilisation

Answer 37

Fruit wall

Question 38

What do the contents of the ovary become after fertilisation

Answer 38

The fruit

Question 39

What does the attachment point of funcile to ovule become after fertilisation

Answer 39

Hilum

Question 40

Describe a cotyledon

Answer 40

Simpler than the first true leaves and swollen with food to act as a storage tissue in peas and broad beans (nonendospermic plants)

Question 41

What does a plumule consist of?

Answer 41

Stem, first true pair of foliage leaves, a terminal bud

Question 42

What are the ways of transporting seeds?

Answer 42

Wind, transport through animals, rolling, bursting, water, carrying by animals

Question 43

What are the three main requirements for successful germination

Answer 43

1) suitable temperature for enzymes 2) water - split testa, hydrolysis, transport a.a. and glucose 3) oxygen for aerobic respiration (metabolism and growth)