Plant Reproduction

Question 1

Describe angiosperm

Answer 1

A flowering plant with seeds developed in ovaries of flowers and protected by ‘fruits’ (including beans wheat rice corn peas and maple seeds) 80% of all living plants

Question 2

Describe gymnophyte/ gymnosperm

Answer 2

‘naked seeds’ formed in unisexual cones called strobili.

Question 3

Example of an angiosperm

Answer 3

Solanaceae
Solanum
lycoperiscum
Tomato

Question 4

Example of a gymnophyte

Answer 4

Pinanceae
Pinus
sylvestris
Scots Pine

Question 5

seed dispersal difference between
angiosperm and gymnosperm

Answer 5

Angiosperm disperses seed by wind, water, animal, fire (eucalyptus)
Gymnosperm disperses seed by wind/ fire

Question 6

serotinous

Answer 6

releases seed by environmental trigger
fire (Pinus banksiana- Jack Pine)

Question 7

what is a Pteridophyte?

Answer 7

plants in the order pteridophyte are Horsetails and ferns

Question 8

what is a Bryophyte?

Answer 8

plants in the order Bryophyte are algaes and mosses

Question 9

Angiosperm life cycle

Answer 9

seasonal life cycle, reproductive system in flowers, seeds in ovary

Question 10

Gymnosperm life cycle

Answer 10

Evergreen trees, not seasonal, reproduction system in cones

Question 11

Monocotyledon

evolved first (some which are wind distributed have no petals on flowers because developed before insects- grasses)

Answer 11

-single leaf from a single seed
-parallel veins/ strap like leaves
-fibrous root system- divide at base in clumps
-vascular bundles within xylem and phloem are scattered
-herbaceous
- petals in multiple of 3

Question 12

Eudictyledon

better evolved, more efficient structures

Answer 12

-two leaves from a single seed
-vascular bundles within xylem and phloem are in a ring
-tap root with root hairs coming off- able to store sugars and last longer
-net like veination in broad leaves
-can be woody
petals in larger numbers

Question 13

Annual

Answer 13

Completes it’s lifecycle within one year of seasonal change
example Helianthus annuus ‘Teddy Bear’ Sunflower cv

Question 14

Biennials

Answer 14

Completes its lifecycle over 2 years
example
Daucus carota
Dipsacus fullonum- teasel

Question 15

Perennials

Answer 15

Completes its life cycles over many years (3 or more).
Phormium tenax - New Zealand flax
Crataegus mongyna

Question 16

Life cycle of a plant

Answer 16

seed- germination- vegetative growth- reproductive adult- pollination- fertilisation-senescence- necrosis

Question 17

Ephemeral plant

Answer 17

Arabadopsis thaliana can complete its entire lifecycle in six weeks. The central stem that produces flowers grows after about 3 weeks, and the flowers naturally self-pollinate

a plant that flowers briefly for approx 2 months in a brief (seasonal) window of opportunity like Spring, takes advantage of first sunlight and then dies back all foliage completely to only a rhizome or corm

Question 18

what are 4 intended learning outcomes of RHS course

Answer 18

Best practise
Sustainability
EDI
Health and safety

Question 19

Seed dispersal method?

Answer 19

Antirrhinum majus
Censer- seeds are shaken out in the wind

Question 20

Seed dispersal method

Answer 20

Taraxacum officianalis
Seed attached to parachute wind dispersal

Question 21

Seed dispersal method?

Answer 21

Galium aperine
Cleavers/ goosegrass/ sticky weed
Burr attached to animal fur