Plant Oils Flashcards
What two methods are used to extract vegetable oils
Crushing/pressing seeds or plants
Distilling the plant material mixed with water (which can be separated)
Why are vegetable oils important foods?
Provide us with energy and important nutrients
Also useful as fuels (biodiesel)
If there’s a double bond is it saturated or unsaturated?
Unsaturated
How to test for an unsaturated oil?
Turn bromine water from orange to colourless
Why are foods cooked in oil?
Higher boiling points
Cooks faster
Changes flavour, colour and texture
Energy content increases
What is hardening
When unsaturated oils are reacted with hydrogen the carbon carbon double bond becomes single.
Also called hydrogenation
Hydrogenated oils have a higher melting point and are saturated
What are the conditions for hardening
60 degrees
Nickel catalyst
What is an emulsion
Oil and water do not mix and separate into layers. If we mix the emulsion, droplets will form of oil suspended in the water
What’s an emulsifier
Substances that help stop the oil and water separating into layers.
Explain an emulsifier molecule
Hydrophilic head loves water
Hydrophobic tail loves oil
They keep the droplets apart and stop them from joining and separating into layers
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of emulsifiers
A: smoother, creamier, taste better
D: high in fat and addictive
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of eating foods containing vegetable oils
A: contain important nutrients, unsaturated is better for your health
D: saturated fats can lead to heart disease
