Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BISC 101 Mid2 > Plant Nutrition > Flashcards

Plant Nutrition Flashcards

Lecture 11

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What do plants need to stay alive?

A

nutrients, CO2, light, and H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where do plants get what they need to survive?

A

dissolved ions in soil water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how do ions enter plants

A

chemiosmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is hydroponic culture?

A

used to identify 17 essential elements needed by all plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

why are the essential elements needed by plants

A

required for plant to complete normal growth and development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 9 macronutrients plants need

A

C, H, O, N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the 8 micronutrients plants need

A

Cl, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what do genetically-engineered “smart plants” do?

A
  • signal nutrient deficiencies before damage has occurred
  • reporter gene is linked to production of light blue pigment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does soil texture affect?

A
  • ability of roots to penetrate soil
  • ability to hold water
  • availability of O2
  • nutrients availability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does soil quality determine?

A

crop yields; requires soil conservation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What soil is healthy for plants?

A

healthy soil, but plants are also essential for healthy soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the great plains dust bowl?

A

replacement of hardy natural grasses with wheat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does cation exchange release?

A

nutrients bound to soil particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what do negatively charged soil particles bind to?

A

positively charged ions. These are not easily lost from soils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

H+ ions displace mineral cations which enter soil solution to do what?

A

to become available to plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the bond anions have with soil particles?

A

they are not tightly bound so are easily lost from soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how does nutrient uptake occur?

A

via the root system

18
Q

what do root hairs increase?

A

greatly increase surface area available for nutrient and water uptake

19
Q

what do root hairs have?

A

membrane proteins, including proton pumps

20
Q

what do the proton pumps on root hairs do?

A

generate electrochemical gradients

21
Q

how do ions move on root hairs?

A

via ion channels or co-transporters

22
Q

fungal hyphae extending into the soil does what for a plant?

A

increases surface area for nutrient uptake

23
Q

what does fungus secrete?

A

peptidases

24
Q

what do peptidases do?

A

break down amino acids in dead, organic matter releasing nitrates and phosphates

25
Q

what is absorbed and transported by fungus to plant cells?

A

NO3 and PO4

26
Q

what does fungus get from the plant when it transports stuff to it?

A

sugars and other complex molecules

27
Q

what does fungal mycelium form?

A

dense sheath over surface of roots

28
Q

what does hyphae extended into the root in extra-cellular spaces between root cells do?

A

facilitates nutrient exchange between fungus and plant

29
Q

what is the percentage of traded sugar products to soil fungi

A

plants trade 20-30%

30
Q

what do plants get in exchange for trading their sugar products

A

Nitrogen and Phosphorous

31
Q

What does Rhizosphere bacteria do?

A

makes nitrogen available to plants

32
Q

ammonifying and nitrogen-fixing bacteria produce what?

A

ammonia

33
Q

what does nitrifying bacteria do?

A

converts NH4 to nitrate which is the main form of nitrogen used by plants

34
Q

what does denitrifying bacteria do?

A

can convert NO3 back to N2, so N is lost from soil

35
Q

what are root nodules?

A

swellings in the plant root

36
Q

What happens in salt marsh plants?

A

too much Na can disrupt enzymes and turgor pressure

37
Q

what is heavy metal tolerance?

A

soils contaminated with waste from mining operations

38
Q

how does passive exclusion happen?

A

by the endodermis and casparian strip

39
Q

what is active exclusion by metallothioneins

A

small proteins that bind to toxins preventing them from acting as poisons

40
Q

what does active exclusion by antiporters do?

A

remove toxins from cytoplasm and store them in vacuoles

BISC 101 Mid2 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions