Plant Nutrition

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Process by which plants manufacture carbohydrate from raw materials using energy form light

Question 2

Word and balanced equation

Answer 2

Carbón dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen
Chloropyll
6CO + 6H2O————-> C6H12O + 6O2
Light

Question 3

What is chlorophyll?

Answer 3

A green pigment found in chloroplasts within plant cells, reflects green light pigment found in chloroplast within plant cells

Question 4

What’s its function?

Answer 4

Absorbs light energy; its role is to transfer energy from light into chemical energy for the synthesis of carbohydrates such as glucose

Question 5

Can photosynthesis occur in the absence of chlorophyll

Answer 5

No

Question 6

What are carbohydrates produced in plants uses:

Answer 6

Converted into starch molecules, acting as energy stores
Converted into cellulose to build cell walls
Glucose used in respiration to provide energy
Converted to sucrose for transport in phloem
Nectar to attract pollination

Question 7

What can plant also convert carbohydrates into

Answer 7

Lipids for energy source
Amino acid for making proteins, when combined with nitrogen and other mineral ions absorbed by roots

Question 8

What are 3 investigation made on plants

Answer 8

Need of light, chlorophyll and carbon dioxide

Question 9

Can plants be tested for glucose presence in photosynthesis? (Investigation of Need for chlorophyll)

Answer 9

No since they’re quickly used or converted into other substances and transported or stored as starcg

Question 10

Where is starch stored?

Answer 10

In chloroplasts, where photosynthesis occurs

Question 11

Why is testing a leaf for starch relatable

Answer 11

Because you can see which parts of the leaf are being photosynthesised , they’re tested for starch with iodine solution

Question 12

How do you destarch a plant ?

Answer 12

Leaving in the dark for 24hours

Question 13

Why does the plant need to be destarched before investigating for the need for light

Answer 13

So it does not affect the experiment

Question 14

What is the process for this investigation

Answer 14

-After destarhcing the plant for 24 hours, cover an area of the leaf with aluminum foil and place it on sunlight for a day
-area covered with aluminum foul will remain orange/brown since it did not received sunlight and could photosynthesise
-area exposed to sunlight will turn blue black proving light is necessary for photosynthesis and production of starch

Question 15

What is the leaf structure (10 names)?

Answer 15

Wax cuticle
Upper epidermis
Palisade mesophyll
Spongy mesophyll
Lower epidermis
Guard cell
Stomata
Vascular bundle
Xylem
Phloem

Question 16

Wax cuticle

Answer 16

Protective layer in top of leaf, preventing water form evaporating

Question 17

Upper epidermis

Answer 17

Thin and transparent to allow light to enter palisade mesophyll layer underneath

Question 18

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 18

Column shaped cells tightly packed with chloroplasts to absorb more light, maximizing photosynthesis

Question 19

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 19

Contains internal air space that increase the surface area to volume ratio for the diffusion of gases (mainly carbon dioxide)

Question 20

Lower epidermis

Answer 20

Contains guard cells and stomata

Question 21

Guard cells

Answer 21

Absorbs and loses water to open and close the stomata allowing carbon dioxide to diffuse in, oxygen to diffuse out

Question 22

Stomata

Answer 22

Where gas exchange take solace, opens during the day, closes during the night, evaporation of water also takes place there. Most plants found in much greater concentration on the underside of leaf to reduce water loss

Question 23

Vascular bundle

Answer 23

Contains xylem and phloem to transport substances to and from the leaf

Question 24

Xylem

Answer 24

Transports water into leaf for mesophyll cells to use in photosynthesis and for transpiration from stomata

Question 25

Phloem

Answer 25

Transports sucrose and a,uno acids around plant

Question 26

What 2 mineral ions are important for photosynthesis

Answer 26

Magnesium and nitrate

Question 27

What’s magnesium function and deficiency

Answer 27

Function: Magnesium is needed to make chlorophyll
Deficiency: causes yellowing between veins of leaves (chlorosis)

Question 28

What’s nitrate function and deficiency

Answer 28

Function: Nitrates a source of nitrogen needs to make amino acids (to build proteins)
Deficiency: causes stunted growth and yellowing of leaves