Plant Nutrition Flashcards
Photosynthesis: Definition
Photosynthesis is the process in green plants where carbohydrates (e.g., glucose) are produced from carbon dioxide and water, using light energy and chlorophyll.
Photosynthesis Equation: word and chemical equation
Photosynthesis Equation**
Word Equation:
- Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
Chemical equation:
-6CO2+6H2O→C6 H12 O6+6O2
Energy Source in Photosynthesis
Energy Requirement:
- Photosynthesis needs energy, acquired by chlorophyll from sunlight.
Role of Chlorophyll in Photosynthesis: Chlorophyll Function
Chlorophyll, a pigment, captures light during photosynthesis, playing a key role in the process.
Oxygen Release in Photosynthesis
By-Product:
- Oxygen is produced as a by-product during photosynthesis and is released
Mineral Uptake in Plants
Carbon Dioxide and Water Sources:
- Carbon dioxide enters leaves through stomata, while water is absorbed by roots and transported via the xylem to the leaves.
Use of Glucose in Plants
Glucose Utilization:
- Plants employ glucose for various purposes, including synthesizing essential substances and as an energy source in respiration.
Oxygen Role in Respiration
Oxygen Usage:
- Oxygen, released through stomata, is utilized in plant respiration, contributing to the energy release process.
Chlorophyll definition
Chlorophyll is a green pigment residing in chloroplasts within plant cells, imparting the characteristic green color to plants.
Role of Chlorophyll in Photosynthesis
Energy Transfer:
Chlorophyll facilitates the conversion of light energy into chemical energy crucial for carbohydrate synthesis during photosynthesis.
Significance in Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis relies on chlorophyll, making it indispensable for the process to take place in plants.
Usage of Photosynthesis Products: Carbohydrate Utilization
Carbohydrates from photosynthesis serve various purposes in plants.
Storage of Carbohydrates
Starch Storage:Converted into starch molecules, serving as an effective energy store for plants.
Structural Role: Cellulose Formation
Transformed into cellulose to contribute to the construction of plant cell walls.
Energy Source: Glucose in Respiration
Glucose can be utilized in respiration, providing energy for plant metabolism
Transportation: Sucrose for Phloem Transport
Converted to sucrose, which is essential for transport in the phloem of plants.
Pollination Strategy: Nectar Production
Carbohydrates, like sucrose, can be used as nectar to attract insects for pollination.
Conversion to Lipids and Amino Acids
Lipid and Amino Acid Formation:Conversion of carbohydrates into lipids for energy storage in seeds and amino acids for protein synthesis when combined with nitrogen and other mineral ions absorbed by roots.
Plant Biological Molecules: Photosynthesis Output
Photosynthesis produces carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in plants.
Self-Sufficiency of Plants: Independent Synthesis
As plants don’t consume food, they synthesize various biological molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Elemental Composition: Carbohydrates vs. Proteins:
Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, while proteins contain nitrogen, and some amino acids include other elements.
Chlorophyll Composition: Chlorophyll Elements
Chlorophyll, a crucial pigment in photosynthesis, contains magnesium and nitrogen.
Elemental Requirement: Essential Elements for Growth
Plants need various elements for proper growth, and mineral ions are actively absorbed from the soil by root hair cells.
Mineral Ions Overview: Definition of Mineral
Mineral’ describes naturally occurring inorganic substances.
Magnesium in Plants
Mineral Ion: Magnesium (Mg)
Function: Necessary for chlorophyll production.
Deficiency: Causes yellowing between leaf veins (chlorosis).
Nitrate in Plants
Mineral Ion: Nitrate (NO3-)
Function: A source of nitrogen for amino acids, essential in protein synthesis.
Deficiency: Results in stunted growth and yellowing of leaves.
