Plant nutrition Flashcards
Green plants make the carbohydrate ____from the raw materials ______ _______and _____
Green plants make the carbohydrate glucose from the raw materials carbon dioxide and water
What is photosynthesis?
the process by which plants manufacture carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light
Photosynthesis word equation?
Light evergy
carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen
Chlorophyll
Where does photosynthesis take place?
It takes place in the chloroplast
What is chlorophyll?
Chloroplasts contain the green chemical called chlorophyll . Chlorophyll absorbs the energy from sunlight that allows carbon dioxide and water to react .
The products of photosynthesis are
glucose, oxygen
The reactants of photosynthesis are
carbon dioxide, water
WAX CUTICLE
PROTECTIVE LAYER ON TOP OF THE LEAF, PREVENTS WATER FROM EVAPORATING
UPPER EPIDERMIS
THIN AND TRANSPARENT TO ALLOW LIGHT TO ENTER PALISADE MESOPHYLL LAYER UNDERNEATH IT
PALISADE MESOPHYLL
COLUMN SHAPED CELLS TIGHTLY PACKED WITH CHLOROPLASTS TO ABSORB MORE LIGHT, MAXIMISING PHOTOSYNTHESIS
SPONGY MESOPHYLL
CONTAINS AIR SPACES that increase the surface area for gas diffusion .
LOWER EPIDERMIS
CONTAINS GUARD CELLS AND STOMATA
GUARD CELL
Regulates the opening and closing of the stomata
STOMATA
WHERE GAS EXCHANGE TAKES Place opens DURING THE DAY, CLOSES DURING THE NIGHT
VASCULAR BUNDLE
CONTAINS XYLEM AND PHLOEM TO TRANSPORT SUBSTANCES TO AND FROM THE LEAF
XYLEM
TRANSPORTS WATER INTO THE LEAF
PHLOEM
TRANSPORTS SUCROSE AND AMINO ACIDS AROUND THE PLANT
What adaptions do leaves have for photosynthesis?
-Leaves are thin so gases can reach cells easily.
-Leaves are wide and flat to create a large surface area and to absorb as much light as possible
-Leaves contain lots of chloroplasts which contain the green pigment chlorophyll
-Leaves have lots of veins to carry water to the cells and carry glucose away .
-Leaves have holes, called stomata, on their underside through which gases move in and out.
Why is the distribution of stomata between the upper and lower epidermis is uneven?
The lower epidermis (the underside of the leaf) has morebecause it is more often in the shade and so it is cooler, which means evaporation won’t take place as much.
