Plant Nutrition 1

Question 1

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide + water —light—chlorophyll–> glucose + oxygen

Question 2

What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 2

6CO + 6H O ——–> C H O + 6O

2 2 6 6 12 2

Question 3

How can you test the production of starch during photosynthesis?

Answer 3

Using iodine
If no photosynthesis has taken place when adding the iodine the leaf will go brown
If photosynthesis has taken place when adding the iodine the leaf will go blue/black

Question 4

What is the function of the waxy cuticle in the leaf structure?

Answer 4

• Waterproof
• Reduces water loss
• Reduces infection

Question 5

What is the function of the upper epidermis in the leaf structure?

Answer 5

• Provides protection
• No chloroplast
• Absorbs harmful light but allows light for photosynthesis to pass through

Question 6

What is the function of the palisade cells in the leaf structure?

Answer 6

• Tightly packed elongated cells
• Lots of chloroplasts
• High rate of photosynthesis

Question 7

What is the function of the spongy cells in the leaf structure?

Answer 7

• Loosely packed with air spaces
• Some chloroplast
• Some photosynthesis

Question 8

What is the function of the air spaces in the leaf structure?

Answer 8

• Between spongy cells

- Provides air channels through leaf allowing for gas exchange

Question 9

What is the function of the leaf vein, xylem in the leaf structure?

Answer 9

• Rigid vessels with lignin

- Carry water and minerals from root to stem and leaves

Question 10

What is the function of the leaf vein, phloem in the leaf structure?

Answer 10

• Vessels of thin living cells

- Carry dissolved sugar around the plant to places where the glucose is used or stored as starch

Question 11

What is the function of the guard cells in the leaf structure?

Answer 11

• Change shape depending on the amount of water inside

- Control opening and closing of stomata

Question 12

What is the function of the stomata in the leaf structure?

Answer 12

• Space between the guard cells

- Control gas exchange (movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide) and water loss from the leaf

Question 13

What are the functions of a leaf?

Answer 13

• Carry out photosynthesis
• Important raw materials for photosynthesis
• Getting rid of waste products of photosynthesis
• Export glucose made in photosynthesis to parts of the plant that need it

Question 14

How can you test if carbon dioxide is present in photosynthesis?

Answer 14

Tested using soda lime
Soda lime traps carbon dioxide and removes it from the air
Plant in container with no carbon dioxide, when tested with iodine will turn brown/orange because no starch/glucose
Plant in container with carbon dioxide, when tested with iodine will turn black/blue, because starch/glucose present

Question 15

How can you test if light is needed in photosynthesis?

Answer 15

Cover part of leaf with dark paper
When tested with iodine the rest of the leaf will turn black/blue but the park that was coloured will turn orange/brown.
Part of plant that was covered unable to photosynthesise as such does not produce starch/glucose

Question 16

How can you test if chlorophyll is needed in photosynthesis?

Answer 16

Test a variegated leaf with iodine

The white part will turn brown/orange and the green part will turn blue/black

Question 17

How can you test if oxygen is needed in photosynthesis?

Answer 17

Underwater plant elodea gives off visible bubbles of oxygen

Question 18

How haves leaves adapted to carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 18

• The palisade cells are elongated to allow light in and down
• Stomata and guard cells lets waste products out
• Stomata allows air in
• Phloem exports products from photosynthesis to parts of the plant that need them, e.g. sugar