Plant Lists Flashcards
Hardy Annuals
Can withstand below -5°c
Sown direct in March without protection
Ammi majus Anthriscus sylvestris Calendula officinalis Centaurea cyanus Gypsophila elegans Helianthus annus 'Kong' F1 Papaver somniferum Nigella damascena Limnanthes douglasii
Half Hardy Annuals
Can withstand down to -5°c
Are sown under protection and planted out after last frosts
Cosmos bipinnatus 'Apollo Pink' Eschscholzia californica Begonia semperflorens 'Quick' F1 Gazania 'Tiger Stripes' Petunia x hybrida 'Easy Wave Red' Dahlia 'Bishop of Llandaff' Nicotiana alata Rudbeckia hirta Salvia splendens Zinnia elegans
Biennials
Produces basal growth in the first year before flowering in the second year.
Can be sown early summer year 1, or directly in Autumn in mild areas.
Also short lived perennials treated as biennials.
Erysimum cheiri - P grown as Bi Campanula medium Digitalis purpurea Echium pininana Dipsacus fullonum Alcea rosea - P grown as Bi Dianthus barbatus 'Sweet Red' F1
F1 hybrids
Helianthus annus 'Kong" F1 Pelargonium 'Best Red' Petunia x hybrida 'Easy Wave' Petunia 'Frenzy Red' F1 Begonia semperflorens 'Quick' F1 Dianthus barbatus 'Sweet' F1
Tomato ‘Sungold’ F1
Carrot ‘Flyaway’
Pro:
uniform growth
Hybrid vigour (Heterosis)
Breeders constantly producing better cultivars
Con:
Expensive relative to non-F1 plants/seeds
Saved seed will not come true, need to buy fresh each year
Favourite cultivars will only be offered for a few years before the lines discontinued.
Uniformity of flower, growth, vigour, maturity period
Greater size due to hybrid vigour - heterosis
(Hybrids are therefore more robust and able to overcome adverse growing conditions)
Plant breeders control the inbred lines, and have to sell a lot to make profit. Constantly looking to produce new and better cultivars.
Bedding info
Quick to mature Floriferous or colourful foliage compact self supporting capable of transplanting hardy (spring bedding) P&D resistant !!
Bulbs can be planted with biennial bedding in Autumn to give colour in early spring
Allium hollandicum, Tulipa ‘Balerina’, Crocus tommisinanus, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Scilla siberica
Formal Bedding - public spaces, bold displays, ornamental parterres. Neat symmetrical patterns. Clipped Buxus hedge.
Carpet bedding - compact and tightly knitted. Technically complex designs. Low growing foliage plants such as Sempervivum, Sedum, Saxifraga
Spring Bedding - Planted out in October and removed in May (must be hardy -10°c)
Summer Bedding - Planted out in late May (after frosts) are usually HHA (-5°c)
Hardy - can withstand -5°c to -10°c, sowed in situ
Half Hardy - can withstand down to -5°c
Tropical
Lush, jungle feel. Bright flowers or large attractive leaves
Canna indica
Ricinus communis
Ipomoea batatas
Edging
Positioned around the edge of the planting scheme
usually 150-200mm high
spacing - 150mm
Lobellia ernius
Begonia semperflorens
Groundwork / Infill
Majority of the bedding, always taller than edging
300-500mm high
spacing - 200-300mm (just more than edging)
Pelargonium ‘Best Red’
Senecio cineraria
Gazania ‘Tiger Stripes’
Salvia splendens
Dot Plants
Used to break up the groundwork with different colour or texture. Taller than groundwork plants.
Canna indica
Fuchsia ‘Thalia’
Ipomoea batatas
Spring Bedding Plants
Edging:
Myososis sylvatica
Bellis perennis
Viola x wittrockiana
Groundwork: Erysimum cheiri Primula 'Crescendo Bright Red' Nacsissus 'Tete a Tete' Tulipa 'Ballerina' Tulipa 'Tinka' Scilla siberica Crocus vernus / Crocus tommasinianus Galanthus nivalis
Dot Plants:
Brunnera macrophylla ‘Jack Frost’
Fritillaria imperialis
Summer Bedding Plants
Edging:
Begonia semperflorens ‘Quick’ F1
Lobelia ernius ‘Cambridge Blue’
Bacopa ‘Snowflake’
Groundwork: Pelargonium ' Best Red' Gazania 'Tiger Stripes' Salvia splendens Rudbeckia hirta
Dot Plants:
Canna indica
Dahlia ‘Bishop of Llandaff’
Summer Display - Containers/hanging basket
Lobelia ernius 'Cambridge Blue' Gazania 'Tiger Stripe' Pelargonium 'Best Red' Begonia semperflorens 'Quick' F1 Dichondra argentea Dahlia 'Bishop of Llandaff' Petunia x hybrida 'Easy Wave' Bacopa 'Snowflake'
Winter Display - Containers/hanging basket
Hedera helix Crocus vernus Galanthus nivalis Narcissus 'Tete a Tete' Myosotis sylvatica Primula 'Crescendo Bright Red' Bellis perennis Viola x wittrockiana Buxus smpervirens Ajuga reptant Brunnera macrophylla
Bulbs, Corms, Tubers
Border: Allium giganteum Fritillaria imperialis Narcissus 'Tete a Tete' Tulpia 'Ballerina' Crocus 'Lucifer' Iris germanica
Containers: Crocus vernus Galanthus nivalis Allium holllandicum Tulipa 'Tinka' Dahlia 'Bishop of Llandaff'
Naturalising: Narcissus pseudonarcissus Crocus tommasinianus Galanthus nivalis Fritillaria meleagris
Herbaceous Perennials
Rudbeckia fulgida Echinacea purpurea Hylotelephium 'Herbstfreude' Hemerocallis 'Stafford' Echinops ritro Monarda didyma Verbena bonariensis Symphyotrichum novi-belgii Astrantia major Geranium 'Rozanne' Iris sibirica Liriope muscari
Shade / Groundcover
Bergenia cordifolia Ajuga reptans Tiarella wherryi Brunnera macrophylla Pachysandra terminalis Alchemilla mollis Astilbe chinensis Heuchera villosa Polygonatum x hybridum 'Betburg' Pulmonaria officinalis Gallium odoratum Epimedium x rubrum Liriope muscari
Trees
Deciduous: Malus x zumi 'Golden Hornet' Cercis candensis 'Forest Pansy' Sorbus aria Amelanchier x grandiflora 'Ballerina' Acer griseum Prunus serrula Betula utilis var. jacquemontii Cornus Sousa Crataegus monogyna Ficus carica
Evergreen: Ilex x altaclerensis 'Golden King' Photinia x fraseri 'Red Robin' Ligustrum lucidum Olea europea Arbutus unendo Pinus mugo Taxus baccata
Shrubs
Winter: Cornus alba Chimonanthus praecox Stachyurus praecox Daphne bholua Hamemelis mollis
Spring/Summer Corylus avellana Corylopsis spicata Philadelphus coronarius Fatsia japonica Choisya ternata Sambucus nigra Buddleia davidii
Autumn: Euonymus alatus Rhus typhina Calicarpa bodinieri Viburnum opulus - foliage, red berries Hydrangea quercifolia - red leaves Ceanothus 'Autumnal Blue'
Lime Hating Trees/Shurbs
Camellia japonica Arbutus unendo Rhododendron ponticum Pieris japonica Hamemelis mollis Hydrangea macrophylla
Alpine/Rockery
Phlox subulata Campanula poscharskyana Sedum spathulifolium Cotula hispida Lewisia cotyledon Armeria maritima Sempervivum arachnoideum (cobwebbed rosettes) Echeveria elegans Geum montanum (yellow flowers)
Roses (floribunda & hybrid-tea)
Planting a rose.
Often supplied bare-root from Autumn and throughout Winter. Plant late Autumn, or late winter.
Container grown plants can be bought and planted anytime.
Ameliorate with well rotted OM, eg Farmyard manure.
Apply mycorrhizal fungus or balanced fertiliser.
hole twice size of roots, spade spit.
tease roots of containerised.
Graft union must be at soil level, not below to prevent rose dieback.
Back fill, firm, water in and apply mulch.
Conditions.
Ideally open sunny-site sheltered from wind.
Well drained, 6.5pH though are tolerant of many conditions.
Formative pruning.
Mid-late winter. Gloves! Sharp secateurs!
Aiming for open centred VASE shape (better ventilation).
D,D,D & remove crossing branches.
Hybrid Tea - prune to an outward bud 15cm from ground.
Floribunda - Prune to an outward bud 30cm from ground.
less vigorous shorten further
Aim to remove 3 year old wood, to promote new vigorous growth which will encourage more flowers.
Maintenance.
Mulch
Hybrid Tea - Large Flowered Bush
Large flowered Rose, grow in an upright manner, hold one flower to a stem or sometimes in small clusters.
Can be pruned harder/lower than Floribunda/Cluster Flowered Bush. Repeat flowering.
Rosa ‘Remember Me’ - copper
Rosa ‘Thinking of You’ - red
Rosa ‘Just Joey’ - apricot/orange
Floribunda - Clustered Flowered Bush
Smaller flowers carried in clusters or trusses. Grow in an upright manner. Are pruned less hard than Large Flowered Bush Roses. Often flower for longer.
Rosa ‘Iceberg’ - white
Rosa ‘Golden Wedding’ - yellow
Rosa ‘Queen Elizabeth’ - pink
Can prune 1/4 in autumn to prevent wind rock.
Climbers/Wall Shrubs (& definition)
Climbers climb vertically though different Stem or Leaf adaptions, such as twining petioles, self clinging (Hedera helix), scrambling.
Wall Shrubs, may be slightly tender shrubs (Garrya elliptica) that benefit from the shelter of a wall/fence. Or they may have a lax habit and benefit from support. They may also be capable of self-support but are suitable for growing vertically.
Wall Shrub: Garrya elliptica Itea ilicifolia Ficus carica Cotoneaster horizontalis Ceanothus 'Concha' / 'Autumnal Blue' Pyracantha coccinea
Climbers: Parthenocissus quinquefolia Trachelospermum jasminoides Hedera helix Wisteria sinensis Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris
Aquatic
Oxygenators:
Myriophyllum spicatum
Ranunculus aquatilis
Floating:
Hydrochaeris morsus-ranae
Stratiotes aloides
Deep Water: Nymphaea alba (water lily) Nuphar lutea (pond lily)
Marginal: Iris pseudacorus Caltha palustris Juncus effesus f. spiralis Mentha aquatica Carex pendula Lobelia cardinalis
Bog:
Gunnera manicata
Astilbe chinensis
