Plant hormones (triple only) Flashcards

1
Q

Plant shoots show positive phototropism.

In which direction will the plant shoot grow?

A

Towards the light

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2
Q

How do plant coordinate and control growth and responses?

A

Produce hormones

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3
Q

Plants respond to gravity.

What is this response called?

A

Gravitropism or Geotropism

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4
Q

Name the plant hormone responsible for tropisms

A

Auxin

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5
Q

Name the hormone that initiates seed germination

A

Gibberellins

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6
Q

What effect does ethene have on plant growth?

A

Controls cell division
Controls ripening of fruits

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7
Q

Give 3 uses of auxin in agriculture and horticulture

A

Weedkiller
Rooting power
Promoting growth in tissue cultures

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8
Q

Give a use of ethene in the food industry

A

Control ripening of fruit during storage and transport

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9
Q

Give 3 uses of gibberellins

A

End seed dormancy
Promote flowering
Increase fruit size

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10
Q

What is a tropism?

A

A growth response of a plant to a specific stimulus

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11
Q

What is phototropism?

A

Growth response of a shoot or a root to light

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12
Q

What is gravitropism or geotropism?

A

Growth response of a shoot or root to gravity

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13
Q

Describe how auxin causes phototropism in a shoot

A

Auxin is made in the shoot tip
Auxin is transported to the shaded side of the shoot
Unequal distribution of auxin causes unequal growth
Shaded side grows faster

Shoot grows towards the light

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14
Q

How do plant shoots show negative gravitropism or geotropism?

A

In a horizontal shoot auxin accumulates in the lower side
Cells on the lower side of shoot grow quicker
Shoot bends away from gravity

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15
Q

How do plant roots show positive gravitropism?

A

In a horizontal root, auxin accumulates on the lower side
These root cells grow less rapidly
Root bends in the direction of gravity

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16
Q

Explain the advantage of a shoot showing positive phototropism

A

Shoot growth towards light
More photosynthesis
More glucose made
More growth

17
Q

Explain the advantage of a root showing positive gravitropism

A

Root grows downwards
More water adsorbed by osmosis
More minerals absorbed by active transport
More growth