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Yr 11 Triple Homeostasis and response > B11 Hormones in human reproduction > Flashcards

B11 Hormones in human reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

Name the main female reproductive hormone

A

Oestrogen

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2
Q

Name the gland that releases oestrogen

A

Ovary

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3
Q

After puberty eggs being to mature and one is released

approximately every 28 days,

What is the release of an egg called?

A

Ovulation

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4
Q

Name the main male reproductive hormone

A

Testosterone

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5
Q

Name the gland that releases testosterone

A

Testes

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6
Q

What effect does testosterone have on the testis?

A

Stimulate sperm production

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7
Q

Give two effects of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Causes an egg to mature
Stimulates the ovary to release oestrogen

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8
Q

What effect does luteinising hormone (LH) have on the body?

A

Causes ovulation (release of an egg from the ovary)

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9
Q

What effect do oestrogen and progesterone have on the uterus?

A

Maintains the uterus lining

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10
Q

What do oral contraceptives contain?

A

Hormones that inhibit FSH production so no eggs mature

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11
Q

How does slow release progesterone prevent pregnancy?

A

Inhibits an egg maturing and prevents the release of an egg from the ovary

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12
Q

How can slow release progesterone be administered?

A

Injection or implant or skin patch

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13
Q

Name 2 types of barrier contraception

A

Condom
Diaphragm

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14
Q

How do barrier contraceptives prevent pregnancy?

A

Prevent sperm reaching the egg

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15
Q

How do intrauterine devices prevent pregnancy?

A

Prevent the implantation of an embryo
Prevents release a hormone

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16
Q

How so spermicides prevent pregnancy?

A

Kill or disable the sperm

17
Q

Males and females can be sterilised.

What does this mean?

A

Surgical method to prevent pregnancy
Males - sperm ducts are tiedor cut
Female - oviducts are tied

18
Q

Give natural way of controlling pregnancy

A

Abstaining from intercourse when an egg may be in the oviduct

19
Q

Why might a female be treated with FSH and LH?

A

Increase fertility

20
Q

Give an outline of IVF treatment

A

Mother given FSH and L to stimulate the maturation of several eggs
Eggs are collected from the mother and fertilised by sperm from the father in the laboratory
The fertilised eggs develop into embryos
One or two embryos are inserted into the mother’s uterus

21
Q

What are the disadvantages of IVF treatment

A

Emotionally and physically stressful
Success rates are not high
Can lead to multiple births which are a risk to both babies and the mother

22
Q

What is the function of reproductive hormones during puberty?

A

Males - development of secondary sexual characteristics
Females - development of secondary sexual characteristics and the maturation of eggs.

23
Q

Describe the events of the menstrual cycle

A

Uterus lining thickens and eggs begin to mature in the ovaries.
An egg is released from one of the ovaries
Uterus lining remains thick
If the egg is fertilised, pregnancy may occur
If not, both the egg and uterus lining are shed during menstruation

24
Q

What is ovulation?

A

Release of an egg from the ovary

25
Q

Name the gland that releases FSH and LH

A

Pituitary gland

26
Q

What effect does oestrogen have in the menstrual cycle?

A

Causes the uterus lining to thicken
Stimulates the production of LH
Inhibits the release of FSH

27
Q

What is contraception?

A

Method of preventing pregnancy

28
Q

What are the advantages of IVF?

A

Allows infertile couples to have children
Can store a woman’s eggs fro later

29
Q

What is negative feedback? (Higher)

A

Type of control where the body responds to an increase r decrease in a factor by returning it to the optimum level

30
Q

Name the hormones given to women struggling to become pregnant

A

FSH

LH

31
Q

What does IVF stand for?

A

In vitro fertilisation

32
Q

Outline how IVF works

A

FSH and LH given to mother to stimulate the maturation of several eggs

Eggs are collected from the ovaries

Eggs are fertilised by sperm in the lab

Fertilised eggs are incubated and develop into embryos

One or two embryos are inserted ino the mothers uterus

33
Q

What are the diadvantages of IVF?

A

Emotionally and physically stressful

Success rates are not high

Can lead to multiple births which are a risk to both the babies and the mother

34
Q

What is the advantage of IVF treatment?

A

Gives a woman th echance to have a baby of her own

Yr 11 Triple Homeostasis and response (7 decks)

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