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genphysio midterm > plant growth > Flashcards

plant growth Flashcards

1
Q

as an irreversible permanent increase in size of an organ or its parts or even of an individual cell.

A

growth

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2
Q

accompanied by metabolic processes

A

growth

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3
Q

is indeterminate due to the presence of meristem (Open form of growth)

A

plant growth

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4
Q

is measured by a variety of parameters some of which are: increase in fresh weight, dry weight, length, area, volume and cell number

A

growth

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5
Q

phases of growth

A

• Meristematic
• Elongation
• Maturation

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6
Q

• The increased growth per unit time is termed as

A

growth rate

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7
Q

• An organism, or a part of the organism can produce more cells in a variety of ways.

A

A. Arithmetic B. Geometric

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8
Q

is a term that includes all changes that an organism goes through during its life cycle from germination of the seed to senescence

A

development

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9
Q

Plants follow different pathways in response to environment or phases of life to form different kinds of structures.

A

plasticity

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10
Q

are small, simple molecules of diverse chemical composition

A

plant growth regulator

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11
Q

auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins

A

plant growth promoters

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12
Q

regulator - abscisic acid

A

Plant growth inhibitors

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13
Q

can easily isolated/extracted from plants

A

free auxin

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14
Q

organic solvents are needed during extraction

A

bound auxin

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15
Q

inhibits/stops auxin activities

A

anti auxin

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16
Q

lengthen plant cells in the growing tip.
– stimulates growth of primary stem – controls some forms of tropism

A

auxin

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17
Q

is the movement of plant in response to an environmental stimulus.

A

tropism

18
Q

• Stimulates cell elongation
• Stimulate differentiation of xylem and phloem • Suppresses growth of lateral buds
• Delay leaf senescence
• Promotes abscission in old leaf and mature/ripened fruits

A

Auxin

19
Q

plant hormones that produce dramatic increases in size.

A

gibberellins

20
Q

• ending seed dormancy
• rapid growth of young seedlings
• rapid growth of some flower stalks

A

gibberellins

21
Q

was one of the first gibberellins to be discovered and remains the most intensively studied form.

A

gibberellic acid GA3

22
Q

• Their ability to cause an increase in length of axis is used to increase the length of grapes stalks.
• cause fruits like apple to elongate and improve its shape.

A

gibberellins

23
Q

used to speed up the malting process in brewing industry

A

GA3

24
Q

promotes bolting (internode elongation just prior to flowering) in beet, cabbages as a result of several factors, including changes in day length, the prevalence of high temperatures at particular stages in a plant’s growth cycle, and the existence of stresses such as insufficient water or minerals.

A

gibberellins

25
Q

stimulate cytokinesis.
• final stage in cell division
• produced in growing roots, seeds, and fruits
• involved in growth of side branches

A

cytokinins

26
Q

are most abundant in growing tissues, such as roots, embryos, and fruits, where cell division is occurring.

A

cytokinins

27
Q

are known to delay senescence in leaf tissues,
• promote mitosis
• stimulate differentiation of the meristem in shoots and roots.

A

cytokinins

28
Q

causes the ripening of fruits.

A

ethylene

29
Q

promotes senescence and abscission of plant organs especially of leaves and flowers

A

ethylene

30
Q

breaks seed and bud dormancy

It helps leaves/ upper parts of the shoot to remain above water.

A

ethylene

31
Q

also promotes root growth and root hair formation, thus helping the plants to increase their absorption surface.

A

ethylene

32
Q

accumulates as a response to stressful environmental conditions, such as dehydration, cold temperatures, or shortened day lengths

A

ABA

33
Q

inhibits stem elongation and induces dormancy in lateral buds.

A

ABA

34
Q

specially to the promotion of flowering by a period of low temperature

A

vernalization

35
Q

constantly dividing cells, rich in protoplasm,conscicuous nuclei

A

merismatic

36
Q

increased vacuolation, cell enlargement, new cell wall deposition

A

elongation

37
Q

attain the maximal size in terms of wall thickening

A

maturation

38
Q

root apical and shoot apical meristem and cambium differentiate and mature

cells undergo few to major structural changes

A

differentiation

39
Q

the living differentiated cells
lost the capacity to divide
can regain

A

dedifferentiation

40
Q

differentiated cells return to their original specialized form

A

redifferentiation

genphysio midterm (7 decks)

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