plant growth

Question 1

as an irreversible permanent increase in size of an organ or its parts or even of an individual cell.

Answer 1

growth

Question 2

accompanied by metabolic processes

Answer 2

growth

Question 3

is indeterminate due to the presence of meristem (Open form of growth)

Answer 3

plant growth

Question 4

is measured by a variety of parameters some of which are: increase in fresh weight, dry weight, length, area, volume and cell number

Answer 4

growth

Question 5

phases of growth

Answer 5

• Meristematic
• Elongation
• Maturation

Question 6

• The increased growth per unit time is termed as

Answer 6

growth rate

Question 7

• An organism, or a part of the organism can produce more cells in a variety of ways.

Answer 7

A. Arithmetic B. Geometric

Question 8

is a term that includes all changes that an organism goes through during its life cycle from germination of the seed to senescence

Answer 8

development

Question 9

Plants follow different pathways in response to environment or phases of life to form different kinds of structures.

Answer 9

plasticity

Question 10

are small, simple molecules of diverse chemical composition

Answer 10

plant growth regulator

Question 11

auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins

Answer 11

plant growth promoters

Question 12

regulator - abscisic acid

Answer 12

Plant growth inhibitors

Question 13

can easily isolated/extracted from plants

Answer 13

free auxin

Question 14

organic solvents are needed during extraction

Answer 14

bound auxin

Question 15

inhibits/stops auxin activities

Answer 15

anti auxin

Question 16

lengthen plant cells in the growing tip.
– stimulates growth of primary stem – controls some forms of tropism

Answer 16

auxin

Question 17

is the movement of plant in response to an environmental stimulus.

Answer 17

tropism

Question 18

• Stimulates cell elongation
• Stimulate differentiation of xylem and phloem • Suppresses growth of lateral buds
• Delay leaf senescence
• Promotes abscission in old leaf and mature/ripened fruits

Answer 18

Auxin

Question 19

plant hormones that produce dramatic increases in size.

Answer 19

gibberellins

Question 20

• ending seed dormancy
• rapid growth of young seedlings
• rapid growth of some flower stalks

Answer 20

gibberellins

Question 21

was one of the first gibberellins to be discovered and remains the most intensively studied form.

Answer 21

gibberellic acid GA3

Question 22

• Their ability to cause an increase in length of axis is used to increase the length of grapes stalks.
• cause fruits like apple to elongate and improve its shape.

Answer 22

gibberellins

Question 23

used to speed up the malting process in brewing industry

Answer 23

GA3

Question 24

promotes bolting (internode elongation just prior to flowering) in beet, cabbages as a result of several factors, including changes in day length, the prevalence of high temperatures at particular stages in a plant’s growth cycle, and the existence of stresses such as insufficient water or minerals.

Answer 24

gibberellins

Question 25

stimulate cytokinesis. • final stage in cell division • produced in growing roots, seeds, and fruits • involved in growth of side branches

Answer 25

cytokinins

Question 26

are most abundant in growing tissues, such as roots, embryos, and fruits, where cell division is occurring.

Answer 26

cytokinins

Question 27

are known to delay senescence in leaf tissues, • promote mitosis • stimulate differentiation of the meristem in shoots and roots.

Answer 27

cytokinins

Question 28

causes the ripening of fruits.

Answer 28

ethylene

Question 29

promotes senescence and abscission of plant organs especially of leaves and flowers

Answer 29

ethylene

Question 30

breaks seed and bud dormancy It helps leaves/ upper parts of the shoot to remain above water.

Answer 30

ethylene

Question 31

also promotes root growth and root hair formation, thus helping the plants to increase their absorption surface.

Answer 31

ethylene

Question 32

accumulates as a response to stressful environmental conditions, such as dehydration, cold temperatures, or shortened day lengths

Answer 32

ABA

Question 33

inhibits stem elongation and induces dormancy in lateral buds.

Answer 33

ABA

Question 34

specially to the promotion of flowering by a period of low temperature

Answer 34

vernalization

Question 35

constantly dividing cells, rich in protoplasm,conscicuous nuclei

Answer 35

merismatic

Question 36

increased vacuolation, cell enlargement, new cell wall deposition

Answer 36

elongation

Question 37

attain the maximal size in terms of wall thickening

Answer 37

maturation

Question 38

root apical and shoot apical meristem and cambium differentiate and mature cells undergo few to major structural changes

Answer 38

differentiation

Question 39

the living differentiated cells lost the capacity to divide can regain

Answer 39

dedifferentiation

Question 40

differentiated cells return to their original specialized form

Answer 40

redifferentiation