Plant Diversity II Flashcards
What is the two Vascular Seeded species
- Gymnosperms
2. Angiosperms
What is the Angiosperm closely related too?
Gymnosperm
Are angiosperms and gymnosperms are Homospory or Heterospory?
They are Heterospory
Are the Angiosperms and Gymnosperm, Sporophye dominant or Gametophyte dominant?
They are Sporophyte dominant
During what ERA did the Gymnosperm diversify?
During the Mesozoic Era
What is a factor that lead the Gymnosperms to success?
Pollen grains
What do Pollen grains do?
THey are desiccation resistant, they consist of microgametophytes which caryy the male gametes of seed plants
What is a pollen tube?
Its a tube that delivers sperm nucleus to the egg
What happens in the pollen tube?
Embryonic sporophyte within the gametophyte tissues that are protected by previous sporophyte generation.
Does the seed contain nutritive materials?
Yes
In the alternation of generation of a Gymnosperm is the sporophyte large or the gametophyte?
The sporophyte is larger and longer lived. The gametophyte is tiny and depends on sporophyte for nutrition
What is the only phylum under the Angiosperm?
Phylum Anthophyta
WHat is a factor to the success of an angiosperm?
Pollinated by pollinators such as insects, birds and human.
What advantage do plants pollinated by pollinators have?
It allows for distanced pollination, increasing genetic variation
What is unique about the Angiosperm life cycle?
It contains double fertilization
What dose the MALE part of a flower contain?
Fillament + Anther= Stamen
What does the FEMALE part of a flower contain?
Ovary+ Style+ Stigma= Carpel/Pistil
What is a Pedicel? (Angiosperm)
Stalk that supports the flower
What is the Receptacle? (Angiosperm)
tip of the pedicel where the flower parts attatch
What is the Sepal?
outer green, brown or colored that look like petals. They also protect the petals they are sometimes small and below the petals.
What is a petal?
Colored, white, or even greenish whorl of bracts located just inside the sepals
What is a Perianth?
It’s the Sepals+Petals together
What does the Endosperm do?
It forms a nutritive tissue in the seed
Where does the life cycle take place in an angiosperm?
It takes place in the Ovary of the Carpel of a flower
How does the double fertilization occur?
Three sperm are produced, one fuses with one egg the other two fuse with the polar bodies which form the endosperm
Angiosperms provide what percent of human calories?
80%
What do Angiosperm provide?
Food- Potatoes, Mais, rice, wheat
Beverages- coffee, tea
Warm fire
Aspirin- made from a tree
What are some pollinators we discussed in class?
Bats, BIrds, bees, moths, wind
Pollinators: Sepals and petals are reduced or not at all present; feathery or relatively large stigma; flower no odor, what’s the pollinator?
WIND
Sepals and/or petals Large, white or subdued (greenish or burgundy); distinct odor: Odor STRONG, HEAVY, SWEET (usually at night they give out the sweet scent)
MOTH
Sepals and/or petals Large, white or subdued (greenish or burgundy); distinct odor: Odor STRONG, FERMENTING or FRUITLIKE; flower parts and pedicel STRONG (nucturnal flowers) what’s the pollinator?
BAT
Sepals and/or petals Large, white or subdued (greenish or burgundy); distinct odor: Odor of SWEAT, FECES, or DECAYING meat. What’s the pollinator?
FLY
Sepals and/or petals Colored; odor may or may not be present.
-Flower shape is irregular; sepals or petals blue, yellow, or orange; petal adapted to serve as a “landing platform”
may have dark lines on petals; SWEET, FRAGRANT odor.
what’s the pollinator?
BEE
Sepals and/or petals Colored; odor may or may not be present:
-Flower shape regular; odor often fruity, spicy, sweet, or carrionlike. what’s the pollinator?
BEETLE
Sepals and/or petals Colored; odor may or may not be present:
-FLower shape tubular (draping down)
STRONG, SWEET odor, what’s the pollinator?
BUTTERFLY
Sepals and/or petals Colored; odor may or may not be present:
-FLower shape tubular (draping down)
LITTLE or NO ODOR; flower usually red, what’s the pollinator?
HUMMINGBIRD
