Plant diversity Flashcards
What did Norman Borlaug do for the ‘Green revolution’?
Dwarf wheat: 1965-1970 food yields doubled in India and Pakistan saving over a billion lives
Nobel Peace Prize (1970)
What are some causes of food waste in low-income countries?
Poor storage conditions
Pests and diseases
What are some causes of food waste in developed countries?
Retail: shelf life, cosmetic appearance
Household food waste
How will crops need to be adapted to deal with climate change?
Drought-resistance
Flooding-resistance
Salt-resistance
What percentage of global crop yields are lost to plant pests and diseases?
40%
What percentage of wildlife species found on UK farmland were under threat from agricultural practices in 2000?
67%
What does it mean for plants to have plasticity?
It is possible for plant cells to undifferentiate then re-differentiate
How do lycophytes and ferns reproduce?
With spores rather than seeds
What are flowering plants called?
Angiosperms
What are the two types of angiosperms?
Monocots and dicots
What is a cotyledon?
A leaf-like structure formed in the embryo
What is a monocot?
One cotyledon
What is a dicot?
Two cotyledons
What are some examples of monocots?
Grasses, palms and orchids
Most cereal crops
What are dicots generally?
Broad-leafed plants
Most leafy crops
What are two forms of pollination for plants?
Wind pollination
Animal pollination
Describe how wind pollination works.
Flowers structured for dispersal
Common method in monocots
Large quantities of pollen
Describe how animal pollination works.
Usually insects
Brightly coloured structures
Attractive
Benefit for insects- nectar
