Plant Development Flashcards
Which three directions of growth define a plants shape?
- Apical growth (lengthening)
- Branching
- Radial growth (widening)
What are the three main tissue systems which compose plant organs?
- Epidermal
- Vascular
- Ground
The cells composing a plant tissue system fall into which two broad categories?
- Meristems
2. Permanent Tissues (Simple, complex and secretory)
What are the 4 types of simple permanent tissue?
- Parenchyma- Unmodified cell walls, storage and metabolic functions
- Collenchyma- Pectin deposited in cell wall, provides tensile strength to the plant during primary growth
- Sclerenchyma- Suberin or lignin deposited in during secondary growth, strengthens plant tissues. Cell often die after deposition (i.e. xylem)
- Epidermis- cells coated in cutin polymer
What are the 3 main types of meristematic tissue?
- Shoot apical meristems
- Cambia
- Root apical meristems
Why is regeneration a trait valuable for plants to possess?
Plants are sessile, meaning they often cannot avoid attackers. As such they need to be able to repair damage.
Why is regeneration a trait valuable for plants to possess?
Plants are sessile, meaning they often cannot avoid attackers. As such they need to be able to repair damage.
Which three regions make up the RAM?
- Division zone
- Elongation zone
- Differentiation zone
Which group of cells in the root apical meristem directs the activity of surrounding cells?
Quiescent centre
What determines whether an epidermal cell elongates into a root hair?
Only cells in contact with two underlying cortex cells will form root hairs.
Lateral root primordia form from cells in which region of the root?
Stele (pericycle) located near xylematic vessels.
What is a phytomer?
A functional unit of a plant made up of a leaf, an axillary meristem and an internode, formed via proliferation of the SAM
