plant derivitives/antibiotic Flashcards
Mech of action of Vinblastine and Vincristine
- Mech of action:
- -> causes mitotic arrest in metaphase by preventing formation of microtubules
- -> microtubule asembly is necessary for chromosomes to separate
–> therefore, cells are killed at the metaphase-anaphase cell cycle checkpoint
Adverse effects of Vincristine and vinblastine
VINCRISTINE
- causes less myelosuppression than vinblastine
- Significant neurotoxicity (numbness and tingling in extremities, motor weakness)
VINBLASTINE
- NO NEUROTOXICITY, but significant myelosuppression
Paclitaxel
- Mech of action:
–> arrests tumor cells in mitosis by preventing depolymerization of microtubules
- Adverse effects:
–> DOSE-LIMITING side effects: peripheral neuropathy and myelosuppression
–> Tx with FILGRASTIM to reduce myelosuppression
Mech of action of TOPOISOMERASE INHIBITORS
IRINOTECAN and TOPOTECAN
- MECH OF ACTION:
–> INHIBIT topoisomerase I –> prevents repair of cuts leading to DNA damage
ETOPOSIDE
- MECH OF ACTION: –> Class II topoisomerase inhibitor
Mech of action of Doxorubicin
- Mech of action:
–> intercalates with DNA –> inhibiton of DNA polymerase due to change in shape
–> inhibits topoisomerase II –> DNA double strand breaks by inhibiting topoisomerase II
–> binds to iron and generates free radicals, which lead to DNA and protein damage
adverse effects of doxorubicin
- adverse effects caused by free radical formation
–> severe myelosuppression
–> irreversible cardiomyopathy
–> Co-administration with DEXRAZOXANE (an iron chelator) can reduce cardiotoxicity
describe the mech of action and Adverse effects of Bleomycin
- MECH OF ACTION:
–> small peptide that binds to DNA and causes single and double strand breaks (CELL CYCLE ARREST IN G2 PHASE)
- Adverse:
–> Dose limiting side effect = Pulmonary toxicity (effects are cumulative and irreversible)
–> minimally myelosuppressive
