Plant Cells Flashcards
What is a eukaryote
A cell that has a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, cytoplasm between the plasma membrane and nucleus
What is the plasma membrane?
A single phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in between
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
Regulates what enter and exits the cell due to its semi-permeability.
What are the functions of the nucleus?
- contains most of the cell’s genes
- controls ongoing activities by producing proteins
What is the structure of the nucleus?
- Nuclear envelope separates from cytoplasm
- nuclear envelope is a double membrane with each membrane consisting of a phospholipid bilayer
- pore regulate entry and exit of molecules
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
The outer membrane of the nuclear envelope, consists of to type, rough(closer to the nucleus and smooth(further from the nucleus)
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Adds carbohydrates to proteins and the transport of lipids around the cell
What is the function of mitochondria?
Provide respiration, they release energy from molecules(sugar) and convert them to ATP
What is the structure of a chloroplast?
- two membrane layers, inner and outer
- inner membrane is folded into layers caked thylakoids
- thylakoids are stacked together forming grana
What are three leucoplasts?
- amyloplasts
- aleuroplasts
- elaioplasts
What is the tonoplast?
The single layer binding a vacuole
What is the function of a vacuole?
- storage
- give cell structure
- remove toxic metabolites
What are two different types of microscope?
- Light
- electron
What are the features of a prokaryote?
A cell that has not developed a nucleus. DNA occurs in a large circular molecule with loose proteins. Organelles aren’t bound by a membrane. The cytoplasm is bound by a plasma membrane
