Plant Cell Organisation Flashcards
What are plants made off - organs?
Of organs like stems, roots and leaves.
Plant organs are made of tissues and they work together to make organ systems. What does the organ systems do? Give an example.
These can perform the various task that a plant needs to carry out to survive and grow - an example, transporting substances around the plant.
What is the epidermal tissue?
The epidrmal tissue covers the whole plant.
What is a palisade mesophyll tissue?
It is the part of the leaf where most photosynthesis happens because it contains most of the chloroplasts in the leaf which maximize energy production during photosynthesis.
What is the spongy mesophyll tissue?
It contains a big air space to allow gass to diffuse in and out of cell (gas exchange).
What is the xylem and phloem function?
To transport things like water, mineral ions and food around the plant (through the roots, stems and leaves).
What is the phloem?
It is made of columns of elongated living cells with sall pores in the end walls to allow cell sap (liquid inside the permanent vacuole) to flow throgh. They transport food substances in both directions (mainly dissoved sugars) made in leaves to the rest of the plant for immedite use (e.g. in growing regions) or for store. This process is called translocation.
What is the xylem?
It is made of dead cells joined end to end with no end walls between them and a hole down the middle. They’re strengthened with a material called lignin. They carry water and mineral ions from the roots to the stem and leaves. The movement of water from the roots, through the xylem and out of the leafs is called the transpiration stream.
What is the meristem tissue?
This is found at the growing tips of shoots and roots and is able to differentiate (change) int lots of different types of plant cell, allowing the plant to grow.
What does leaves contains?
It contains epidermal, mesophyll, xylem and phloem tissues.
What is the waxy cuticle?
They cover the epidermal tissue which helps to reduce water loss by evaporation.
What is the palaside layer?
It has lots of chloroplasts (th little structues where photosynthesis takes place). This means that they’re near the top of the leaf where they can get the most light.
What is the function of the xylem and phloem in a leaf?
It forms a network of vascular bundles, which deliver water and other nutrients to the entire leaf and take away the glucose produced by photosynthesis. They also help to support the structure.
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