Plant and Animals: Orientation (Animals) Flashcards
Taxes
A movement of an organism towards or away from a stimulus (directional) (can occur in photosythetic organism)
Taxes
(towards)
Postive
Taxes
(Away)
Negative
Kineses
The direction of movement bears no relation to the direction of the stimulus (Non-directional)
Orthokinesis
The intensisty of the stimulus governs/ control the speed of movement
Klinokinesis
The intensity determines the frequency of turning
Homing
The ability of animals to return to their territory arter being away
Migration
Migration and timing link together
Active, regular movement over usually long distances in anticipation of furture change
Environmental cues for migration
- Before arrival of adverse conditions
- Towards feeding or bredding areas
- Stages of life style (sexual… maturity)
- Cicadian rhythms
- Shifting seasons
Timing
Migration and timing link together
- Decreased vulnurability of predators
- Time during the day to find food
- Reduced threat of dehydration & overheating
- Wind direction stable at night
Navigation
Finding the way over unfamiliar territory using knowledge of position & direction
Landmarks, smells, & Sounds
Familiar landmarks, smells & sounds
Earth magnetic field
The angle of the earths magentic field varries with attude - animals use it
Solar (sun) compasses
Knowing when the sun rises in the eat and sets in the west (knowing the time of day), to use the sun as a position compass
Moon compasses
Some animals use the moon like the sun
