Plant And Animal Transport

Question 1

Movement of electrical activity in heart

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Answer 1

SAN -> Collagen tissue -> AVN -> Bundle of His -> Purkyne tissue

Question 2

Ectopic heart beat

Answer 2

Early contraction of atria

Question 3

What is the Bohr effect

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Answer 3

Increase of CO2 in the blood
Causes reduction of haemoglobins affinity to O2
Dissociation curve shifts right

Question 4

Xylem vessel features

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Answer 4

No end walls
Walls made with parenchyma cells
Lignified

Question 5

Phloem vessel features

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Answer 5

Sieve tube elements form end wall
Companion cells provide ATP
No nucleus and few organelles

Question 6

Water movement through symplast pathway

Answer 6

Water moves through cytoplasm and plasmodesmata into neighbouring cells
Via osmosis

Question 7

Water movement through apoplast pathway

Answer 7

Water moves through cell walls and is blocked by Casparian strip so it takes symplast pathway

Question 8

Transpiration stream

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Answer 8

Transpiration (water vapour evaporates from leaf at top of xylem)
Tension (creates tension pulling water up)
Cohesion (water attracts other water molecules)
Adhesion (water attracted to xylem vessel)

Question 9

Xerophytes features

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Answer 9

Thick waxy cuticle 
Spines instead of leaves 
Close stomata during day 
Stomata in sunken pits 
Rolled up leaves 
Hairs on epidermis

Question 10

Hydrophytes features

Answer 10

Air spaces
Stomata only on upper surface
Flexible leaves and stem