Plant and Animal Tissues Flashcards
a group of cells that work together to function
Tissue
How many plant TISSUE SYSTEMS are there?
Three(3)
What are the Three TISSUE SYSTEMS of a plant?
- Dermal Tissue System
- Vascular Tissue System
- Ground Tissue System
these are tissue systems that form the outer protective layer of the plant, forms the first line of defense agains pathogens
Dermal Tissue System
this tissue system transports the materials between the roots and shoot systems of the plant
Vascular Tissue System
this tissue systems provides support to the plant and funtions in storage and metabolism
ground tissue system
Plant tissues are classified based on:__________
their ability to generate new cells
Major types of classification based on the ability to generate new cells:
- Meristematic
- Permanent tissues
What are Meristematic Tissues?
they are similar living tissues that are actively dividing that form other types of plant tissues
What are the two types of meristematic tissues?
a. Apical Meristem
b. Lateral Meristem
What are the functions of the apical and lateral meristem?
apical meristem - found on growing plant tips; makes plants grow taller
lateral meristem - found on lengths of roots and stems; makes plants grow thicker a.k.a VASCULAR CAMBIUM and CORK CAMBIUM
What are Permanent Tissues?
these are non-dividing tissues composed of tissues that have stopped growing
The Permanent tissues come in two types. What are these types?
a. Simple tissues
b. Complex tissues
What are the functions of the simple and complex tissues?
Simple tissues - composed of only one type of cell
Complex tissues - composed of more than one type of cell that function together as one unit.
Simple tissues come in 3 types. Enumerate.
i. Parenchyma
ii. Collenchyma
iii. Sclerenchyma
What is the function of the Parenchyma?
Parenchyma -
living tissues that are thin-walled, with cytoplasm. Performs most of the metabolic functions; provides support; stores various organic products
What is the function of the Collenchyma?
Collenchyma -
living tissues with cells that have thick primary walls; provides support to the young parts of the plant shoots; flexible support
What is the function of the Sclerenchyma?
sclerenchyma -
dead cells that have thick walls containing lignin - enhances cell wall rigidity (strength); provides support; withstand strains;protects inner cells from damage
What are the two types of complex tissues?
i. Xylem
ii. Phloem
What are the functions of the Xylem and Phloem?
Xylem - conducting tissues*, transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves; mostly dead cells
Phloem - conducting tissues; transports food from the leaves to other parts of the plant, mostly living cells
*group of cells that are responsible for transporting food materials and water to different parts of plants
What are the 4 types of animal tissues?
A. Epithelial Tissues
B. Connective Tissues
C. Muscle Tissues
D. Nerve Tissue
What are epithelial tissues?
they are made of thin cells that cover the body, organs blood vessels and body cavities
How are epithelial tissues classified?
they are based on:
- number of layers (simple and stratified)
- shape of individual cells (squamous, cuboidal, columnar)
What are Connective Tissues?
They are cells that vary widely in form and function but mostly support the body and form the structure
What are the Types of Connective Tissues?
a. loose/areolar - holds organs in place
b. fibrous - a.k.a. dense connective tissue; made of collagen and resistant to stretching and strength
c.adipose - composed of fat storage cells; facilitates energy storage and provides insulation
d. bone - hardest connective tissues; provides protection, strength, and support.
e. cartilage - composed of collagen fibers; reduced friction between bones; provides support, structure, and strength.
f. Blood - a.k.a. Fluid connective tissue; transports oxygen and nutrients
