Plant and animal organ systems and their function

Question 1

Is a biological process in which different organisms have the ability to produce another of their kind

Answer 1

Reproduction

Question 2

type of reproduction where gametes or sex cells does not involve to reproduce

Answer 2

Asexual reproduction

Question 3

type of reproduction that involves the union of gametes inside or outside the body of an organism

Answer 3

Sexual reproduction

Question 4

kinds of asexual reproduction where an organism is reproduced by forming an outgrowth or a “bud” from a part of the parent organism’s body

Answer 4

Budding

Question 5

an organisms is produced from the detached body of its parent

Answer 5

Fragmentation

Question 6

a parent organism splits into two daughter organisms. This type of asexual reproduction is usually done by prokaryotic organisms (e.g bacteria) and some invertebrates

Answer 6

Binary fission

Question 7

A plant part is used to reproduce another plant

Answer 7

Vegetative reproduction

Question 8

this involves the production of spores, which are specialized asexual reproduction cells

Answer 8

Spore formation

Question 9

Reproductive trait of organisms where the plants use their physical characteristics to attract pollinators. And when animals use theirs to attract male

Answer 9

Color Display

Question 10

Reproductive trait of organism where some male species compete with other males to copulate with females

Answer 10

Sexual selection

Question 11

difference between plants and animals method of fertilization

Answer 11

Plants needs a vector such as insect or a bird while animals requires physical interaction with each other in close proximity

Question 12

Primitive ancestor of plants and animals

Answer 12

unicellular eukaryote

Question 13

different between the body plan of plants and animals

Answer 13

plant cells are positionally fixed while animal cells are motile or capable of movement

Question 14

plants and animals morphogenesis (change in shape)

Answer 14

plants go through a longer of morphogenesis than animals.

Question 15

difference of plants and animals growth process

Answer 15

plants grow primarily by increasing the size of their cells while animals grow because their cells increase in number

Question 16

difference between development and growth

Answer 16

Development- improve, enhance, mature (more ion quality)
Growth- number of cells, size of cell (more on quantity)

Question 17

process of providing or obtaining food necessary for health, survival, and growth of an organism

Answer 17

Nutrition

Question 18

provide energy for the organism’s metabolic processes

Answer 18

Nutrients

Question 19

modes of nutrition where an organism can manufacture their own nutrients by synthesizing inorganic materials

Answer 19

Autotrophic

Question 20

type of authotrophic where the energy from the sun and other inorganic substances are directly used to form organic food

Answer 20

Photoautotrophic

Question 21

autotrophs that use chemicals to create simple organic substances important for their survival

Answer 21

Chemoautotrophic

Question 22

mode of nutrition where the organism cannot make their own food and thus obtain their energy by digesting organic matter

Answer 22

Heterotrophic

Question 23

heterotrophs that obtain their nutrients from dead organic matter

Answer 23

Saprophytic/Saprotrophic

Question 24

type of heterotrophic where the organism take food from other organism

Answer 24

Parasite

Question 25

this type of paratism happens when the parasite is **outside of the body** of a host. (ex. fleas and lice)

Answer 25

Ectoparasitism

Question 26

this type of parasitism involves parasite that live **inside the body** of a host. (ex. roundworms and hookworms)

Answer 26

Endoparasitism

Question 27

Heterotrophs that ingest solid or liquid food. The food is then digested and absorbed by the body

Answer 27

Holozoic

Question 28

organisms that take in **only plants**

Answer 28

Herbivorous

Question 29

organisms that **eat other animals**

Answer 29

Carnivorous

Question 30

organisms that take in **both plants and animals**

Answer 30

Omnivorous

Question 31

an important process that allows organisms to survive. Through this process, different gases are transferred in opposite directions a respiratory surface

Answer 31

Gas exchange

Question 32

Gas exchange involves what?

Answer 32

Use of oxygen produced by photosynthetic organisms and the release of carbon doxide

Question 33

it is a structure used by unicellular organisms for gas exchange gases **directly pass through** the cell membrane through **diffusion**

Answer 33

Cell membrane

Question 34

it is a respiratory surface **covered with thin and moist epithelial cells** that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. (ex. amphibians, frogs)

Answer 34

Body surface/ skin

Question 35

They greatly **Increases the surface area for gas exchange in aquatic organisms**. They are convoluted outgrowths containing blood vessels covered with a thin layer of epithelial cells

Answer 35

Gills

Question 36

Plants use this for gas exchange

Answer 36

Stomata

Question 37

In plants, gas exchange mainly occurs in __________

Answer 37

leaves

Question 38

Gases enter the leaves through this specialized pores

Answer 38

Stomata

Question 39

Each stomata contains this. It controls the opening and closing of the pores

Answer 39

Guard cells

Question 40

Stomata closes at night because of this

Answer 40

Turgor pressure

Question 41

______ and _______ also contributes to gas exchange but only with a minimal effect

Answer 41

Roots and stem

Question 42

A waxy, waterproof substance that does not allow water and gases to pass through the cork cells in roots and stem of a plant

Answer 42

Suberin

Question 43

Nonsuberized pores that provide pathway in the roots and stem for the direct exchange of gases between the internal tissue of the plant and the atmosphere

Answer 43

Lenticels

Question 44

system that allows important biological fluids to be transported around the organism so that the organism can breathe, gain nutrition, and maintain its internal environment for survival

Answer 44

Transport/ Circulatory system

Question 45

main circulatory organ of plants that transport **water and nutrients from the roots** ti the different parts of the plant

Answer 45

Xylem

Question 46

main circulatory organ of plants that transport **sugars and other metabolic products from the leaves** to the rest of the plant

Answer 46

Phloem

Question 47

- transport gases and nutrients in the animal's body - carries wastes out of the body

Answer 47

Blood

Question 48

tubular structures carrying blood

Answer 48

Blood vessels

Question 49

hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the different parts of the body

Answer 49

heart

Question 50

blood protein

Answer 50

hemoglobin

Question 51

most important fluid in plants

Answer 51

water

Question 52

this is the **tendency of water to pass through** the semipermiable membrane of plant cells.

Answer 52

Osmosis

Question 53

osmosis process

Answer 53

water movement from an area with lower solute concentration to an area with high solute concentration

Question 54

This is the process where the **water exits the plant** through the stomata of the leaves because of evaporation

Answer 54

Transpiration

Question 55

this also allows the water to move up through a plant.

Answer 55

Adhesion- cohesion property of water

Question 56

Occurs because the water molecule cling to the xylem tissue

Answer 56

Adhesion

Question 57

occurs because the water sticks to one another

Answer 57

Cohesion

Question 58

refers to the movement of liquid across a solid surface, which is caused by adhesion

Answer 58

Capillary action

Question 59

how to maintain homeostasis in animals

Answer 59

the amount of water acquired by the body should be equal to the amount of water lost

Question 60

main organ for nervous control in the animals (vertebrates) that control all the activities of the body

Answer 60

Brain

Question 61

main organ for nervous control in the animals ( for some invertebrates) consist of individual nerve cells that form netlike arrangement throughout the animal's body

Answer 61

Nerve nets

Question 62

unit of nervous system in plants

Answer 62

Root tip/ apex

Question 63

these parallel interconnections form the serial nervous system in plants

Answer 63

Plant nerves

Question 64

channel or medium where information travels in animals

Answer 64

nerves

Question 65

channel or medium where information travels in plants

Answer 65

vascular strands

Question 66

chemical control in animals

Answer 66

involves hormones that are important for **growth and survival**

Question 67

chemical control in plants

Answer 67

also involves hormones needed for certain **physiological processes** in the body

Question 68

IT protects the organism from diseases or other potentially damaging foreign bodies

Answer 68

Immune system

Question 69

specialized blood cells that travel through the circulatory system of the animals to destroy foreign bodies

Answer 69

Lymphocytes

Question 70

each plant contains this to recognize pathogen molecules

Answer 70

receptors

Question 71

Defense response that triggers by the receptors when an invader is identified

Answer 71

Cell wall production and thickening

Question 72

Antimicrobial compounds produced by the receptors when an invader is identified

Answer 72

Phytoalexins, enzymes, and cell death

Question 73

sensory and motor mechanism of animals

Answer 73

1. The presence of the physical stimulus 2. The transduction of the stimulus 3. The transmission of action potentials in sensory neurons

Question 74

Movement of the plant in response to **light**

Answer 74

Phototropism

Question 75

Movement of the plant in response to **gravitational force**

Answer 75

Geotropism

Question 76

movement of plant in response to **water**

Answer 76

hydrotropism

Question 77

movement of plant in response to **mechanical stimulation or touch**

Answer 77

Thigmotropism

Question 78

movement of plant in response to **chemical stimulation**

Answer 78

Chemotropism