Plant and Animal Cells

Question 1

Monosaccharide

Answer 1

Single unit sugars
Consist of Pentose (5 carbon sugars) = ribose and deoxyribose/ and Hexoses (6 carbon sugars) = glucose, galactose, fructose.

Question 2

Disaccharide

Answer 2

Formed by 2 monosaccharides joined together in a condensation polymerisation reaction

Question 3

Disaccharide examples

Answer 3

Maltose = glucose + glucose
Lactose = glucose + galactose
Sucrose = glucose + fructose

Question 4

Polysaccharides in animal and plant cells

Answer 4

Animal: Glycogen = energy store in animal cells

Plant: Starch = energy store in plant cells/ Cellulose = component of plant cell wall

Question 5

3 stages of photosynthesis

Answer 5

1. Light dependent reactions occur in the grana which contains chlorophyll to absorb light energy.
2. Light independent reactions occur in the stroma and don’t require light energy.
3. Overall, glucose is formed.

Question 6

Evidence to support endosymbiotic theory

Answer 6

• Double membrane
• Bacterial ribosomal RNA
• Own DNA genome
• Size = similar to that of a prokaryote