Cells - Structure and Function

Question 1

Protein Production Pathway

Answer 1

Nucleus - transcription
Ribosomes - translation
Transport Vesicles
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi body
Secretory Vesicles

Question 2

Transcription

Answer 2

• DNA unwinds, and RNA polymerase attached to the promoter region.
• DNA template strand is copied into pre‐mRNA via complementary base pairing using RNA polymerase.
• pre-mRNA undergoes RNA processing. Introns are removed, a 5’ methyl cap and 3’ poly‐A tail are added to form mRNA.
• mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome.

Question 3

Translation

Answer 3

• Ribosomes read the mRNA code.
• tRNA brings the correct and specific amino acid to the ribosome.
• tRNA anticodons are complementary and specific to mRNA codons. •Amino acids are joined together by a peptide bond, in a condensation polymerisation reaction, and a polypeptide is formed.