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SBU3MI > Plant > Flashcards

Plant Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the Epidermis?

A

Provide protection and helps in absorption.

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2
Q

What does the Cortex do?

A

Transports water and nutrients from the Epidermis.

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3
Q

What is the role of the Pericycle?

A

Supports the roots, vascular structure, and stores nutrients.

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4
Q

What is the function of the Endodermis?

A

Regulates the flow of water, ions, and hormones.

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5
Q

What does Xylem do?

A

Moves water upward and transports water and minerals.

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6
Q

What is the function of Phloem?

A

Transports nutrients.

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7
Q

What is the role of Pith?

A

Storage of nutrients.

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8
Q

What are the characteristics shared by all plants?

A

All plants are eukaryotic and multicellular, have cell walls with the carbohydrate cellulose, most are terrestrial, and are autotrophs - photosynthetic producers.

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9
Q

How many plant species are there in the world?

A

There are about 390,000 plant species in the world.

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10
Q

What are the main criteria for organizing plants into groups?

A

Plants are organized into groups based on the presence or absence of seeds and the presence or absence of a vascular system.

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11
Q

What are the four main plant groups (Phyla)?

A
  1. Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, hornworts)
  2. Ferns (phylum Pteridophyta) and related phyla (whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails)
  3. Gymnosperms (conifers, evergreens)
  4. Angiosperms (flowering plants)
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12
Q

What is a seed?

A

A seed is a specialized plant structure containing an embryonic plant and food supply.

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13
Q

What is a vascular system in plants?

A

A vascular system is a system of specialized cells or tissues that transport water and dissolved minerals (xylem) and food (phloem) between cells in the body of a plant.

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14
Q

What is the plant phylum Bryophyta commonly known as?

A

Mosses

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15
Q

What are the evolutionary adaptations of Bryophyta?

A

Movement onto land and they are not tall. They can only do diffusion to move water around.

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16
Q

What is a characteristic of Pteridophyta?

A

Vascular tissues show up, containing xylem and phloem that can move material around (water).

17
Q

What is a significant feature of Gymnosperms?

A

They produce seeds that allow them to protect the embryophyte and can dry out.

18
Q

What is a key feature of Angiosperms?

A

They have flowers that coevolved with insects, giving them the ability to reproduce.

19
Q

What are examples of Bryophyta?

A

Liverworts and hornworts.

20
Q

What are examples of Pteridophyta?

A

Lycophyte and Equisetidae.

21
Q

What are examples of Gymnosperms?

A

Cycad and Conifer.

22
Q

What are examples of Angiosperms?

A

Rose, Orchids, Hydrangea, Hemp, and Strawberry.

23
Q

What is a defining feature of monocots?

A

Plant embryos have one cotyledon.

24
Q

What is a defining feature of dicots?

A

Plant embryos have two cotyledons.

25
Q

How is the vascular tissue organized in monocot roots?

A

Roots have vascular tissue arranged in a ring.

26
Q

How is the vascular tissue organized in dicot roots?

A

Roots have vascular tissue arranged in a star shape.

27
Q

How are vascular bundles arranged in monocot stems?

A

Vascular bundles in the stem are scattered throughout the ground tissue.

28
Q

How are vascular bundles arranged in dicot stems?

A

Vascular bundles in the stem are arranged in a distinct ring.

29
Q

What is the typical leaf venation pattern in monocots?

A

Veins are usually parallel to each other along the length of the leaf.

30
Q

What is the typical leaf venation pattern in dicots?

A

Veins are palmate or pinnate.

31
Q

What is the typical number of flower parts in monocots?

A

Flowers are in three parts, or multiples of three.

32
Q

What is the typical number of flower parts in dicots?

A

Flowers are in four or five parts, or multiples of four or five.

33
Q

Do monocots exhibit secondary growth?

A

No.

34
Q

Do dicots exhibit secondary growth?

A

Yes.

35
Q

What type of root system do monocots typically have?

A

Typically fibrous.

36
Q

What type of root system do dicots typically have?

A

Typically taproot.

37
Q

Give examples of monocots.

A

Asparagus, banana tree, lily, oats, wheat, rice, corn, and all other grasses, onion, orchid, palm tree, yam.

38
Q

Give examples of dicots.

A

Almond tree, beans, cabbage, cactus, citrus trees, coffee, oak tree, rose, strawberry, tea.

39
Q

Auxins

A

Regulates growth responses in plants (direction)
Maintain the plants shape

SBU3MI (3 decks)

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